Draw a free-body diagram for block B and state Newton's second law in words.

Here are the solutions to Question 2:

2.1 Draw a Free-body diagram of ALL the forces acting on block B.

For block B (mass $m_B = 5$ kg):

• Tension (T): An upward force exerted by the string.
• Gravitational force ($F_{gB}$): A downward force due to gravity, equal to $m_B g$.

      ^ T
      |
      B (5 kg)
      |
      v F_gB = m_B g

2.2 State Newton's second law of motion in words.

Newton's second law of motion states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional