Explain electromagnetic induction and calculate the number of turns on the secondary coil of a transformer given primary voltage, secondary voltage, and primary turns.

Here's the solution: a) When the magnet spins, the magnetic field lines passing through the coil change continuously. This change in magnetic flux linkage through the coil induces an electromotive force (e.m.f.) across the coil, according to Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction. The voltmeter measures this induced e.m.f., resulting in a reading. b) Step 1: Identify the given values. Primary voltage, V_p = 220 \, V Secondary voltage, V_s = 12 \, V Number of turns on the primary coil, N_p = 5000 turns Number of turns on the secondary coil, N_s = ? Step 2: Use the transformer equation. The relationship between voltage and the number of turns in a transformer is given by: (V_p)/(V_s) = (N_p)/(N_s) Step 3: Substitute the values and solve for N_s. 220 \, V12 \, V = (5000)/(N_s) Rearrange the equation to solve for N_s: N_s = 12 \, V220 \, V × 5000 N_s = (12)/(220) × 5000 N_s = (60000)/(220) N_s = (6000)/(22) N_s = (3000)/(11) N_s ≈ 272.727 Rounding to a whole number of turns: N_s = 273 The number of turns on the secondary coil is 273. 3 done, 2 left today. You're making progress.