Linear expansion
Physics
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Linear expansion refers to the increase in length of a solid material when it is heated. This phenomenon occurs because the particles in the solid vibrate more vigorously as temperature rises, causing them to move apart.
The formula for linear expansion is:
ΔL = α × L₀ × ΔT
where:
- ΔL = change in length
- α = coefficient of linear expansion (specific to the material)
- L₀ = original length
- ΔT = change in temperature (final temperature - initial temperature)
For example, if a metal rod of length 2 m is heated from 20°C to 100°C, and its coefficient of linear expansion is 0.000012 /°C, you can calculate the change in length.
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