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Give an example of a machine where the load is between the fulcrum and the effort. (ii) A wheel and axle is used to raise a man whose weight is 800N by the application of 250N. The radii of the wheel

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ii

80%80\%

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17. (i) Give an example of a machine where the load is between the fulcrum and the effort. (ii) A wheel and axle is used to raise a man whose weight is 800N by the application of 250N. The radii of the wheel and axle are 800mm and 200mm respectively, what is the efficiency of the machine?

Part i

Example of a machine where the load is between the fulcrum and the effort.

This describes a Class 2 lever.
Example: A wheelbarrow.

Part ii

80%80\%

Efficiency of a wheel and axle.

Given:
Load FL=800 NF_L = 800 \text{ N}
Effort FE=250 NF_E = 250 \text{ N}
Wheel radius RW=800 mm=0.8 mR_W = 800 \text{ mm} = 0.8 \text{ m}
Axle radius RA=200 mm=0.2 mR_A = 200 \text{ mm} = 0.2 \text{ m}

  1. Calculate the Mechanical Advantage (MA).

    MA=LoadEffort=FLFEMA = \frac{\text{Load}}{\text{Effort}} = \frac{F_L}{F_E} MA=800 N250 N=3.2MA = \frac{800 \text{ N}}{250 \text{ N}} = 3.2

  2. Calculate the Velocity Ratio (VR).

    VR=Radius of WheelRadius of Axle=RWRAVR = \frac{\text{Radius of Wheel}}{\text{Radius of Axle}} = \frac{R_W}{R_A} VR=0.8 m0.2 m=4VR = \frac{0.8 \text{ m}}{0.2 \text{ m}} = 4

  3. Calculate the efficiency (η\eta).

    η=MAVR×100%\eta = \frac{MA}{VR} \times 100\% η=3.24×100%\eta = \frac{3.2}{4} \times 100\% η=0.8×100%=80%\eta = 0.8 \times 100\% = 80\%

    The efficiency of the machine is 80%\boxed{80\%}.

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