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Power supply unity consists of the following parts:
Physics
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The power supply unit shown in the diagram consists of four main parts, each with a specific function:
- Transformer: This component steps down (or steps up) the alternating current (AC) voltage from the mains supply to a more suitable, lower AC voltage for the rest of the circuit.
- Rectifier: The rectifier, typically a bridge rectifier as shown (labeled 'G'), converts the alternating current (AC) from the transformer into pulsating direct current (DC).
- Capacitor: The capacitor (labeled 'C') acts as a filter. It smooths out the pulsating DC voltage from the rectifier, reducing ripples and producing a more stable, nearly constant DC voltage.
- Regulator: The regulator circuit ensures that the output DC voltage remains constant, even if there are fluctuations in the input voltage or changes in the load connected to the power supply.
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