Question 1: State Avogadro's Law and solve this problem. A gas occupies 12 dm³ at constant temperature and pressure. Calculate the volume occupied by 5 moles if 2 moles occupy 12 dm³.

Avogadro's Law states that, at constant temperature and pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the number of moles of the gas. Mathematically, this can be expressed as $V \propto n$ or $\frac{V_1}{n_1} = \frac{V_2}{n_2}$.

Initial volume ($V_1$) = $12 \text{ dm}^3$
Initial number of moles ($n_1$) = $2 \text{ moles}$
Final number of moles ($n_2$) = $5 \text{ moles}$
Final volume ($V_2$) = ?

The volume occupied by 5 moles of the gas is $\boxed{\text{30 dm}^3}$.

Gay-Lussac's Law (also known as Amontons's Law) states that for a fixed mass and volume of gas, the pressure is directly proportional to its absolute (Kelvin) temperature. Mathematically, this can be expressed as $P \propto T$ or $\frac{P_1}{T_1} = \frac{P_2}{T_2}$.

Initial pressure ($P_1$) = $150 \text{ kPa}$
Initial temperature ($T_1$) = $300 \text{ K}$
Final temperature ($T_2$) = $600 \text{ K}$
Final pressure ($P_2$) = ?

The final pressure of the gas is $\boxed{\text{300 kPa}}$.