This physics problem tests your understanding of fundamental physical laws and their applications. The step-by-step solution below breaks down the problem using relevant equations and physical reasoning.
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Here are the answers to your questions: 1.c) iv) Temperature (5 marks) Temperature is a physical quantity that expresses the degree of hotness or coldness of a substance. It is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles within a system. Its SI unit is the Kelvin (K). 2.a) Define the following terms. i) Distance (2 marks) Distance is the total length of the path covered by an object during its motion, irrespective of the direction of travel. It is a scalar quantity. ii) Speed (2 marks) Speed is the rate at which an object covers distance. It is defined as the distance traveled per unit time and is a scalar quantity. iii) Velocity (2 marks) Velocity is the rate of change of displacement of an object. It is defined as the displacement per unit time and is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction. b) A car travels a distance of 150 km in 3 hours. i) Calculate its average speed. (4 marks) Step 1: State the formula for average speed. Average Speed = Total DistanceTotal Time Step 2: Substitute the given values. Total Distance = 150 km Total Time = 3 hours Average Speed = 150 km3 hours Step 3: Calculate the average speed. Average Speed = 50 km/h The average speed of the car is 50 km/h. ii) Convert the speed into m/s. (4 marks) Step 1: Convert kilometers to meters. 1 km = 1000 m 150 km = 150 × 1000 m = 150000 m Step 2: Convert hours to seconds. 1 hour = 60 minutes 1 minute = 60 seconds 1 hour = 60 × 60 seconds = 3600 seconds 3 hours = 3 × 3600 seconds = 10800 seconds Step 3: Calculate the speed in m/s using the converted values. Speed = Distance in metersTime in seconds = 150000 m10800 s Speed ≈ 13.888... m/s Rounding to two decimal places: Speed ≈ 13.89 m/s The speed of the car in m/s is 13.89 m/s. Alternatively, convert the calculated speed directly: 50 km/h = 50 × 1000 m3600 s 50 km/h = (50000)/(3600) m/s 50 km/h ≈ 13.89 m/s c) State two differences between speed and velocity. (4 marks) 1. Scalar vs. Vector: Speed is a scalar quantity, meaning it only has magnitude. Velocity is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction. 2. Definition: Speed is the rate of change of distance, while velocity is the rate of change of displacement. d) Sketch a distance-time graph for uniform motion. (2 marks) For uniform motion, an object covers equal distances in equal intervals of time. Therefore, a distance-time graph for uniform motion is a straight line with a positive constant slope, starting from the origin (if motion starts from rest at zero distance). 3.a) What is force. (2 marks) Force is an influence that can cause an object with mass to change its velocity (i.e., to accelerate). It is a vector quantity, having both magnitude and direction, and its SI unit is the Newton (N). That's 2 down. 3 left today — send the next one.