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Answer

102.75 km\text{102.75 km}

041.7°\text{041.7°}

Step-by-step solution

5 steps

Okay, MEDIC, let's solve this using a coordinate geometry approach, which is a common mathematical method for such problems. We'll define the airstrip as the origin $(0,0)$, with the positive y-axis pointing North and the positive x-axis pointing East.

1) Find its distance from the starting point

  1. Calculate the final coordinates after the first leg.

    The aircraft flies at 20 km/hr for 3 hours, covering a distance d1=20 km/hr×3 hr=60 kmd_1 = 20 \text{ km/hr} \times 3 \text{ hr} = 60 \text{ km}.
    The bearing is 052∘052^\circ. The coordinates (x1,y1)(x_1, y_1) are calculated using sine for the East component and cosine for the North component:

    x1=d1sin⁡(52∘)=60sin⁡(52∘)x_1 = d_1 \sin(52^\circ) = 60 \sin(52^\circ) y1=d1cos⁡(52∘)=60cos⁡(52∘)y_1 = d_1 \cos(52^\circ) = 60 \cos(52^\circ) x1≈60×0.78801=47.2806 kmx_1 \approx 60 \times 0.78801 = 47.2806 \text{ km} y1≈60×0.61566=36.9396 kmy_1 \approx 60 \times 0.61566 = 36.9396 \text{ km}

    So, the position after the first leg is P1=(47.2806,36.9396)P_1 = (47.2806, 36.9396).

  2. Calculate the displacement for the second leg.

    The aircraft flies at 30 km/hr for 1.5 hours, covering a distance d2=30 km/hr×1.5 hr=45 kmd_2 = 30 \text{ km/hr} \times 1.5 \text{ hr} = 45 \text{ km}.
    The bearing is 028∘028^\circ. The displacement components (Δx2,Δy2)(\Delta x_2, \Delta y_2) for this leg are:

    Δx2=d2sin⁡(28∘)=45sin⁡(28∘)\Delta x_2 = d_2 \sin(28^\circ) = 45 \sin(28^\circ) Δy2=d2cos⁡(28∘)=45cos⁡(28∘)\Delta y_2 = d_2 \cos(28^\circ) = 45 \cos(28^\circ) Δx2≈45×0.46947=21.1262 km\Delta x_2 \approx 45 \times 0.46947 = 21.1262 \text{ km} Δy2≈45×0.88295=39.7328 km\Delta y_2 \approx 45 \times 0.88295 = 39.7328 \text{ km}
  3. Calculate the final coordinates of the aircraft from the starting point.

    The final position (xf,yf)(x_f, y_f) is the sum of the coordinates from the first leg and the displacements from the second leg:

    xf=x1+Δx2=47.2806+21.1262=68.4068 kmx_f = x_1 + \Delta x_2 = 47.2806 + 21.1262 = 68.4068 \text{ km} yf=y1+Δy2=36.9396+39.7328=76.6724 kmy_f = y_1 + \Delta y_2 = 36.9396 + 39.7328 = 76.6724 \text{ km}

    So, the final position of the aircraft is (68.4068,76.6724)(68.4068, 76.6724).

  4. Calculate the total distance from the starting point.

    The distance from the origin (0,0)(0,0) to the final position (xf,yf)(x_f, y_f) is found using the distance formula:

    D=xf2+yf2D = \sqrt{x_f^2 + y_f^2} D=(68.4068)2+(76.6724)2D = \sqrt{(68.4068)^2 + (76.6724)^2} D=4679.49+5878.62D = \sqrt{4679.49 + 5878.62} D=10558.11D = \sqrt{10558.11} D≈102.75 kmD \approx \boxed{\text{102.75 km}}

    2) The bearing of the aircraft from the airstrip

  5. Calculate the bearing.

    The bearing θ\theta is the angle measured clockwise from the North axis (positive y-axis). Since both xfx_f (East) and yfy_f (North) are positive, the aircraft is in the first quadrant (North-East).

    tan⁡(θ)=East displacementNorth displacement=xfyf\tan(\theta) = \frac{\text{East displacement}}{\text{North displacement}} = \frac{x_f}{y_f} tan⁡(θ)=68.406876.6724\tan(\theta) = \frac{68.4068}{76.6724} tan⁡(θ)≈0.89210\tan(\theta) \approx 0.89210 θ=arctan⁡(0.89210)\theta = \arctan(0.89210) θ≈41.72∘\theta \approx 41.72^\circ

    Expressed as a three-digit bearing:

    Bearing=041.7°\text{Bearing} = \boxed{\text{041.7°}}
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