What are the different categories of disability and what assistance do NGOs offer to people with disabilities?

Step 1: Definition of disability (Question 1, 2 marks). Disability is any restriction or lack of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being, resulting from an impairment that may be physical, mental, intellectual, or sensory. Disability: Any restriction or lack of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being. Step 2: Six examples of physical disability (Question 2, 2 marks). 1. Blindness or severe visual impairment. 2. Deafness or severe hearing impairment. 3. Amputation of limbs. 4. Paralysis (e.g., paraplegia). 5. Cerebral palsy. 6. Muscular dystrophy. Examples: Blindness, deafness, amputation, paralysis, cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy. Step 3: Explain Section 2(5) of the Act with examples (Section B, Question 1, 6 marks). Section 2(5) of the Persons with Disability Act, 2006 (Act 715) of Ghana defines "disability" as any restriction or lack (resulting from impairment) of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal. Examples: 1. A person with visual impairment cannot read standard print (sensory disability). 2. A person with mobility impairment cannot walk unaided (physical disability). 3. A person with intellectual impairment struggles with complex problem-solving. Section 2(5): Defines disability as restriction from impairment limiting normal activity. Step 4: Five categories of disability (Section B, Question 2(i), 5 marks). 1. Physical/skeletal (e.g., amputation). 2. Sensory (e.g., blindness). 3. Intellectual/mental (e.g., Down syndrome). 4. Emotional/psychiatric (e.g., schizophrenia). 5. Multiple (combination of above). Categories: Physical, sensory, intellectual, emotional, multiple. Step 5: Five bodies categorising disability in Ghana with examples (Section B, Question 2(ii), 5 marks). 1. National Council for Persons with Disability (NCPWD) - categorises by physical, sensory, etc. 2. Ghana Federation of Disability Organisations (GFD) - uses WHO ICF model. 3. Ministry of Gender, Children and Social Protection - social welfare categories. 4. Social Security and National Insurance Trust (SSNIT) - for disability pensions by severity. 5. Department of Social Welfare - medical assessment categories. Bodies: NCPWD, GFD, Ministry of Gender, SSNIT, Dept. of Social Welfare. Step 6: Support from NGOs to people with disability (Section B, Question 2(iii), 5 marks). NGOs provide: 1. Financial aid (grants, scholarships). 2. Vocational training and employment. 3. Assistive devices (wheelchairs, hearing aids). 4. Advocacy and legal support. 5. Healthcare and rehabilitation services. NGO support: Financial aid, training, devices, advocacy, healthcare.