Nursing management before phototherapy

Assessment:

• Assess the infant's gestational age, weight, and vital signs.
• Determine the bilirubin level from laboratory results.
• Assess the infant's skin for any rashes or breakdown.
• Evaluate feeding status and bowel movements.

Preparation:

• Ensure the phototherapy unit is functioning correctly and set up according to manufacturer instructions.
• Prepare the infant's bed or incubator.
• Gather necessary supplies: eye shields, diapers, and monitoring equipment.

Infant Care:

• Remove all clothing except a diaper to maximize skin exposure to the lights.
• Protect the infant's eyes by applying opaque eye shields securely. Ensure they do not obstruct the nares.
• Position the infant under the phototherapy lights, typically 15-20 cm away, depending on the unit.

Monitoring:

• Monitor the infant's temperature frequently, as phototherapy can cause increased heat loss or gain.
• Monitor fluid intake and output, as increased insensible water loss can occur.
• Observe the infant for any signs of skin irritation or burns.
• Ensure the infant is fed adequately to promote bowel elimination of bilirubin.

Documentation:

• Record all assessments, interventions, and the infant's response to treatment.
• Document bilirubin levels and the timing of phototherapy initiation.