A) Is glycogen normally present in blood? b) Explain the rise in glucose and glycogen levels at 1.30 p.m. c) Name the cell organelles responsible for the formation of i) lysosomes, ii) cilia and flage

22. a) Presence of glycogen in blood. Glycogen is a large polysaccharide that serves as the storage form of glucose, primarily found inside liver and muscle cells. It is not normally present in the blood plasma.

b) Rise in glucose and glycogen levels at 1.30 p.m.
The rise in both glucose and glycogen levels at 1.30 p.m. is likely due to the patient having consumed a meal (e.g., lunch) prior to this time.

• Carbohydrates from the meal are digested into glucose, which is then absorbed into the bloodstream, causing blood glucose levels to increase.
• The elevated blood glucose stimulates the pancreas to release insulin.
• Insulin promotes the uptake of glucose by cells and its conversion into glycogen for storage in the liver and muscles, leading to an increase in glycogen levels.

22. Name the cell organelles that are responsible for the formation of the following organelles and structures.

i) Lysosomes
Golgi apparatus

ii) Cilia and flagella
Basal bodies

iii) Ribosomes
Nucleolus