This biology question covers important biological concepts and processes. The step-by-step explanation below helps you understand the underlying mechanisms and reasoning.
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22. A scientist carried out blood sugar test for a given patient at three different times of the day. He obtained the results shown below for glucose and glycogen level. | Time | 6 a.m. | 1.30 p.m. | 4 p.m. | | :------ | :----- | :-------- | :----- | | Glucose | 90mg | 100mg | 90mg | | Glycogen| 20mg | 40mg | 60mg | a) Account for: Presence of glycogen in blood. (2mks) Glycogen is the storage form of glucose, primarily found in the liver and muscles, not normally circulating in the blood. Its levels in the body are crucial for maintaining blood glucose homeostasis. When blood glucose is high, it is converted to glycogen for storage; when blood glucose is low, glycogen is broken down to release glucose. Therefore, monitoring glycogen levels provides insight into the body's glucose reserves and its ability to regulate blood sugar. b) Rise in glucose and glycogen levels at 1.30 p.m. (4mks) • The patient likely consumed a meal rich in carbohydrates between 6 a.m. and 1.30 p.m. • The carbohydrates were digested into glucose, which was then absorbed into the bloodstream, causing the blood glucose level to rise to 100mg. • The elevated blood glucose stimulated the pancreas to secrete the hormone insulin. • Insulin promoted the uptake of glucose by body cells and its conversion into glycogen for storage in the liver and muscles (glycogenesis), leading to the observed rise in glycogen levels from 20mg to 40mg. Last free one today — make it count tomorrow, or type /upgrade for unlimited.