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Define enzyme. 2. Complete the table for enzymes. 3. State Newton's Second Law of Motion in equation form and calculate the mass of a spacecraft given its weight and the acceleration due to gravity on

Biology

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1.a)

i) An enzyme is a biological catalyst, typically a protein, that speeds up the rate of specific biochemical reactions in living organisms without being consumed in the process.

ii)
Here is the completed table:

SecretionEnzymeSubstrateProduct
SalivaSalivary amylaseStarchMaltose
Pancreatic juiceTrypsinProteinsPeptides
Succus entericusPeptidasePeptidesAmino acids
Pancreatic juiceLipaseFatsFatty acids & glycerol

1.b)

i) The mathematical expression of Newton's Second Law of Motion is:

F=maF = ma

where FF is the net force, mm is the mass, and aa is the acceleration.

ii)
I) Mass of the spacecraft

  1. Identify the given values.

    Weight on distant planet (WpW_p) = 39000 N39000 \text{ N}
    Acceleration due to gravity on distant planet (gpg_p) = 3.75 m/s23.75 \text{ m/s}^2

  2. Use the formula for weight (W=mgW = mg) to find the mass.

    m=Wpgpm = \frac{W_p}{g_p}
  3. Substitute the values and calculate the mass.

    m=39000 N3.75 m/s2m = \frac{39000 \text{ N}}{3.75 \text{ m/s}^2} m=10400 kgm = 10400 \text{ kg}

    The mass of the spacecraft is 10400 kg\boxed{\text{10400 kg}}.

    II) Weight of the spacecraft on earth

  4. Identify the given values and the calculated mass.

    Mass (mm) = 10400 kg10400 \text{ kg}
    Acceleration due to gravity on Earth (geg_e) = 10 m/s210 \text{ m/s}^2

  5. Use the formula for weight (W=mgW = mg) to find the weight on Earth.

    We=m×geW_e = m \times g_e
  6. Substitute the values and calculate the weight on Earth.

    We=10400 kg×10 m/s2W_e = 10400 \text{ kg} \times 10 \text{ m/s}^2 We=104000 NW_e = 104000 \text{ N}

    The weight of the spacecraft on Earth is 104000 N\boxed{\text{104000 N}}.

    1.c)

    i) A mixture is a substance containing two or more different substances (elements or compounds) that are physically combined but not chemically bonded. Each substance retains its individual chemical properties.

    ii) Two properties of a mixture:

    • The components of a mixture retain their individual properties.
    • The components of a mixture can be separated by physical means.

    iii) A suitable method for obtaining sodium chloride from sodium chloride solution is evaporation (or crystallization).

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