I) Name the type of food substance being oxidized (ii) State two advantages of using the food substances named The diagram below illustrates part of a nephron from a mammalian kidney. a) Name the fluid found in the part labeled Q.

Here are the solutions to the questions:

24. The diagram illustrates part of a nephron from a mammalian kidney.

a) Name the fluid found in the part labeled Q.
The fluid found in part Q (Bowman's capsule) is the glomerular filtrate or ultrafiltrate.

$$\boxed{\text{Glomerular filtrate}}$$

b) Identify the process responsible for the formation of the fluid named in (a) above.
The process responsible for the formation of the glomerular filtrate is ultrafiltration (or glomerular filtration).

$$\boxed{\text{Ultrafiltration}}$$

25. The scientific name of the housefly is Musca domestica. Classify the fly into:

i) Genus
The genus is Musca.

$$\boxed{\text{Musca}}$$

ii) Species
The species is domestica. (Note: The full scientific name Musca domestica refers to the species, but domestica is the specific epithet).

$$\boxed{\text{domestica}}$$

26. State three adaptations of halophytes to their habitat.

Here are three adaptations of halophytes:

• They have salt glands on their leaves to excrete excess salt.
• They can accumulate salt in specific tissues (e.g., old leaves) and then shed those leaves to remove the salt.
• They exhibit succulence, meaning they have fleshy leaves or stems to store water and dilute the salt concentration within their tissues.
• Some have specialized root systems that prevent the uptake of excessive salt.