Study specimens B and C and answer questions 1(a) to 1(e). (a) (i) Name two biological processes that would take place in specimen B during digestion.

Assuming Specimen B refers to the digestive system of a bird, based on the mention of "gizzard" and "stomach" in part (a)(ii). a) (i) Step 1: Identify biological processes in digestion. Two main biological processes that occur during digestion are mechanical digestion and chemical digestion. Mechanical digestion* Chemical digestion* a) (ii) Step 2: Identify where these processes occur in a bird's digestive system. In a bird's digestive system: Mechanical digestion occurs in the gizzard*. Chemical digestion occurs in the proventriculus* (glandular stomach). Mechanical digestion: Gizzard* Chemical digestion: Stomach* (or proventriculus) b) Step 3: State two observable features adapting a bird's digestive system to its function. Two observable features that adapt a bird's digestive system for digestion are: Presence of a gizzard* for grinding food. Absence of teeth*, with a beak and gizzard performing the function of mastication. Presence of a crop* for temporary food storage. Presence of a gizzard* Absence of teeth* c) Step 4: Name two digestive enzymes found in a bird's digestive system. Two digestive enzymes that could be found in a bird's digestive system are: Amylase* (for carbohydrate digestion) Pepsin* (for protein digestion) Amylase* Pepsin* d) Step 5: Identify the part for temporary food storage in a bird's digestive system. The part of a bird's digestive system used for temporary storage of food is the crop. The part used for temporary storage of food is the crop*. What's next?