Inferred from the provided solution snippets. The original question likely asked for explanations of enzyme activity at different pH levels, components absent in glomerular filtrate, definitions of en

here are the solutions to the questions:

15. Equal amounts of crushed Irish potato were placed in equal volumes of hydrogen peroxide solution at indicated PH. The volume of the gas produced was measured and recorded as shown in the table below.

(b) Account for the difference in the volume of the gas produced in PH 4.0 and PH 9.0
The enzyme catalase in the Irish potato has an optimum pH of 7.0, where its activity is highest, leading to the maximum production of oxygen gas. At pH 4.0 and pH 9.0, which are outside the optimal range, the enzyme's active site is denatured or altered, reducing its efficiency and thus producing less oxygen gas. At pH 9.0, the enzyme is completely denatured, resulting in no gas production.

(c) Name two components of blood that are not present in the glomerular filtrate.

• Red blood cells
• Large plasma proteins

16. Define the following terms

(a) Entomology
Entomology is the branch of zoology concerned with the scientific study of insects.

(b) Sensitivity
Sensitivity is the ability of an organism or part of an organism to detect and respond to changes in its internal or external environment (stimuli).

17. Give two examples of continuous variations in humans.

• Height
• Weight
• Skin color (any two)

18. (a) State the causative agent of the following diseases

(i) Typhoid
Salmonella typhi (bacterium)

(ii) Pneumonia
Bacteria (e.g., Streptococcus pneumoniae), viruses (e.g., influenza virus), or fungi.

(b) State three preventive measures of schistosomiasis in human beings

• Avoiding contact with contaminated water (e.g., swimming or bathing in infested freshwater).
• Improving sanitation to prevent human faeces and urine from contaminating water sources.
• Controlling the snail population, which are intermediate hosts for the parasite.
• Providing safe drinking water.

19. Describe capture-recapture method of estimating population.
The capture-recapture method involves capturing a sample of individuals from a population, marking them, and then releasing them back into the population. After a period, a second sample is captured, and the number of marked individuals in this second sample is counted. The total population size is then estimated using a formula based on the number of marked individuals, the size of the first sample, and the size of the second sample.

20. State three advantages of asexual reproduction in organisms.

• It is a faster and more efficient way to reproduce, as only one parent is required.
• It allows for the rapid colonization of new habitats, as offspring are genetically identical to the parent.
• It is less energy-intensive as there is no need to find a mate or produce gametes.
• It ensures that favorable traits are passed on directly to offspring without variation.

21. The diagram below shows a phenomenon which occurs during cell division.
The phenomenon shown in the diagram is crossing over (or recombination).