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Explain the inheritance of flower color from a cross between a homozygous white pea plant and a homozygous brown pea plant. Show the F1 and F2 generations.

Biology

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  1. Determine the parental genotypes and gametes.

    The parental generation (P) consists of a homozygous white pea (WW) and a homozygous brown pea (ww).

    • Parental genotypes: WW (white) ×\times ww (brown)
    • Gametes from WW: W
    • Gametes from ww: w

  2. Construct the Punnett square for the F1 generation.

    Crossing WW with ww:

    GametesWWwWwWwwWwWw\begin{array}{|c|c|c|} \hline \text{Gametes} & \text{W} & \text{W} \\ \hline \text{w} & \text{Ww} & \text{Ww} \\ \hline \text{w} & \text{Ww} & \text{Ww} \\ \hline \end{array}

  3. Determine the F1 generation genotype and phenotype.

    • F1 Genotype: All offspring are heterozygous (Ww).
    • F1 Phenotype: All offspring are white.

  4. Determine the F1 gametes for the F2 cross.

    When F1 individuals (Ww) are crossed, they produce two types of gametes: W and w, in equal proportions.

  5. Construct the Punnett square for the F2 generation.

    Crossing F1 ×\times F1 (Ww ×\times Ww):

    GametesWwWWWWwwWwww\begin{array}{|c|c|c|} \hline \text{Gametes} & \text{W} & \text{w} \\ \hline \text{W} & \text{WW} & \text{Ww} \\ \hline \text{w} & \text{Ww} & \text{ww} \\ \hline \end{array}

  6. Determine the F2 generation genotype and phenotype.

    • F2 Genotype Ratio: 1 WW : 2 Ww : 1 ww
    • F2 Phenotype Ratio: 3 white : 1 brown

    The phenotype and genotype of the F1 and F2 generations are:

    • F1 Generation:
      • Genotype: 100% Ww
      • Phenotype: 100% White
    • F2 Generation:
      • Genotype Ratio: 1 WW : 2 Ww : 1 ww
      • Phenotype Ratio: 3 White : 1 Brown
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