This biology question covers important biological concepts and processes. The step-by-step explanation below helps you understand the underlying mechanisms and reasoning.
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24. (a) Step 1: Identify the image size of the scale bar from the figure. The length of the scale bar in the figure is approximately 2.0 cm = 20 mm. Step 2: Identify the actual size represented by the scale bar. The scale bar represents an actual size of 10 m. Step 3: Convert units to be consistent. 10 m = 10 × 10^-3 mm = 0.01 mm Step 4: Calculate the magnification using the formula: Magnification = Image size / Actual size. Magnification = 20 mm0.01 mm Magnification = 2000 Step 5: Express the answer to the nearest whole number. The magnification is 2000. 24. (b) Gaseous exchange occurs by diffusion across the thin walls of the alveolus and the capillary. Oxygen, which is at a higher partial pressure in the alveolar air space, diffuses across the alveolar and capillary walls into the blood. Simultaneously, carbon dioxide, which is at a higher partial pressure in the capillary blood, diffuses from the blood into the alveolar air space to be exhaled. 24. (c) Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the blood capillaries. Inside the red blood cells, oxygen binds with hemoglobin to form oxyhemoglobin. This oxygenated blood is then pumped by the heart to the body tissues. At the tissues, where oxygen concentration is lower, oxyhemoglobin dissociates, releasing oxygen. The oxygen then diffuses from the red blood cells, through the plasma, and into the tissue cells for cellular respiration. That's 2 down. 3 left today — send the next one.