Multiple-choice questions about lymphatic and nerve drainage, and referred pain in the pelvic region.

Here are the solutions to the questions: 106. Para-aortic nodes receive lymph from: c) Testis The testes originate in the abdomen and their lymphatic drainage follows their developmental path, leading to the para-aortic lymph nodes. 107. Superficial inguinal nodes drain all EXCEPT: c) Glans penis The superficial inguinal lymph nodes drain the skin of the scrotum, penile skin, and perineum. The glans penis drains to the deep inguinal lymph nodes. 108. Pudendal nerve roots: b) S2-S4 The pudendal nerve originates from the sacral plexus, specifically from the ventral rami of spinal nerves S2, S3, and S4. 109. Cavernous nerves originate from: b) Pelvic plexus (parasympathetic) The cavernous nerves, which are responsible for penile erection, carry postganglionic parasympathetic fibers that originate from the pelvic plexus (inferior hypogastric plexus). 110. Pain from prostate referred to: b) S2-S4 Pain from the prostate can be referred to the perineum and lower back, which corresponds to the S2-S4 dermatomes. Visceral afferent fibers from the prostate also follow sympathetic pathways to T10-L2, referring pain to the suprapubic region. 111. Vas deferens sympathetic fibers mediate: a) Emission Sympathetic innervation to the vas deferens causes contraction of its smooth muscle, which is essential for emission (the movement of sperm into the urethra during ejaculation). 112. Lymph of prostate primarily to: b) Internal iliac & sacral Lymphatic drainage from the prostate primarily flows to the internal iliac and sacral lymph nodes. 113. Dorsal nerve of penis travels with: c) Dorsal arteries The dorsal nerve of the penis travels within Buck's fascia alongside the dorsal arteries of the penis and the deep dorsal vein, forming a neurovascular bundle. 114. Ilioinguinal nerve supplies: a) Anterior scrotal skin The ilioinguinal nerve provides sensory innervation to the anterior scrotal skin (or labia majora in females), the root of the penis, and the medial aspect of the thigh. 115. Posterior scrotal nerves from: b) Perineal branches of pudendal The posterior scrotal nerves are branches of the perineal nerve, which