Explain any three ways of contracting HIV/AIDS, define adolescence, list three physical changes in girls during adolescence, and state three cultural practices that promote the spreading of STIs.

Here are the answers to your questions: 25. Explain any three ways of contracting HIV/AIDS. • Unprotected sexual intercourse: Engaging in vaginal, anal, or oral sex without a condom with an HIV-positive person. • Sharing contaminated needles: Using needles, syringes, or other injecting equipment that have been used by an HIV-positive person. • Mother-to-child transmission: An HIV-positive mother can transmit the virus to her child during pregnancy, childbirth, or through breastfeeding. 21. Define adolescence. Adolescence* is the transitional stage of physical and psychological development that occurs between childhood and adulthood, typically from puberty to legal adulthood. It is characterized by rapid physical growth, sexual maturation, and significant cognitive and socio-emotional changes. 22. What are three physical changes that can be seen in girls during adolescence? • Breast development: The growth of breasts is one of the first visible signs of puberty in girls. • Growth of pubic and underarm hair: Hair begins to grow in the pubic area and under the arms. • Onset of menstruation (menarche): The beginning of menstrual periods, indicating sexual maturity. 23. State any three cultural practices that promote the spreading of STIs. • Wife inheritance (Kulowa Kufa/Chokolo): The practice where a widow is inherited by a male relative of her deceased husband. If either the deceased husband or the inheritor had an STI, it can be transmitted. • Traditional initiation ceremonies (Chinamwali): Some traditional initiation rites, particularly for girls, may involve practices or teachings that expose participants to sexual risks, potentially leading to STI transmission. • Polygamy: Having multiple spouses simultaneously can increase the risk of STI transmission if one partner is infected and safe sex practices are not consistently followed across all relationships. Section C Explain any five national symbols of Malawi. 1. The National Flag: Features three horizontal stripes of black, red, and green, with a red rising sun in the black stripe. The black represents the people of Africa, the red symbolizes the blood of martyrs for African freedom, the green signifies Malawi's lush vegetation, and the rising sun represents the dawn of hope and freedom for Africa. 2. The National Anthem: "O God Bless Our Land of Malawi" is a patriotic song that expresses love for the country and seeks divine blessing for its people and land. 3. The Coat of Arms: This emblem features a shield supported by a lion and a leopard, with a fish eagle above. It includes symbols representing Malawi's natural resources and the motto "Unity and Freedom." 4. The National Motto: "Unity and Freedom" is inscribed on the Coat of Arms and reflects the aspirations and values of the Malawian nation. 5. The African Fish Eagle: This majestic bird is Malawi's national bird, symbolizing the country's rich wildlife and natural beauty, often seen near Malawi's lakes and rivers. Explain any five national identity documents. 1. National Identity Card (National ID): This is the primary official document issued to Malawian citizens aged 16 and above, serving as proof of identity and citizenship. 2. Passport: An official travel document issued by the Malawian government to its citizens for international travel, verifying identity and nationality. 3. Birth Certificate: A legal document that records a person's birth, including their name, date and place of birth, and parents' names, serving as fundamental proof of identity and citizenship. 4. Driver's License: An official document permitting an individual to operate a motor vehicle, which also serves as a widely accepted form of identification. 5. Voter ID Card: Issued to eligible citizens for the purpose of voting in national and local elections, and often accepted as a form of identification. 3 done, 2 left today. You're making progress.