This biology question covers important biological concepts and processes. The step-by-step explanation below helps you understand the underlying mechanisms and reasoning.

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A. Newt and salamander
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16. The question asks to identify the pair of animals that exhibits all the given characteristics: breathing through lungs, having gills when young and lungs later, moist skin without scales, and laying eggs. These are defining characteristics of amphibians.
Step 1: Analyze the given characteristics. • i) Breathe through the lungs (as adults). • ii) Have gills when young and later lungs for breathing (metamorphosis). • iii) Body covered with moist skin without scales. • iv) Lays eggs. These characteristics collectively describe amphibians.
Step 2: Evaluate the given options based on the characteristics of amphibians. • A. Newt and salamander: Both are amphibians. They fit all the described characteristics. • B. Lizard and tortoise: Both are reptiles. They breathe with lungs throughout their lives, have dry, scaly skin, and do not have gills when young. • C. Toad and tortoise: A toad is an amphibian, but a tortoise is a reptile. This pair does not fit. • D. Frog and tilapia: A frog is an amphibian, but a tilapia is a fish. Fish breathe with gills throughout their lives and have scales. This pair does not fit.
Step 3: Conclude the correct option. Only newts and salamanders (Option A) are amphibians and possess all the listed characteristics.
The final answer is
17. The question asks to identify a common disease of the breathing system.
Step 1: Analyze each option to determine its primary affected system. • A. Asthma: This is a chronic respiratory disease that causes inflammation and narrowing of the airways, making it difficult to breathe. It directly affects the breathing system. • B. Malaria: This is an infectious disease caused by parasites transmitted through mosquito bites, primarily affecting red blood cells and various organs, but not primarily the breathing system. • C. Cholera: This is a bacterial infection of the small intestine, causing severe diarrhea and dehydration. It affects the digestive system. • D. Ringworm: This is a common fungal infection of the skin. It affects the skin.
Step 2: Identify the option that is a disease of the breathing system. Based on the analysis, Asthma is a disease of the breathing system.
The final answer is
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This biology question covers important biological concepts and processes. The step-by-step explanation below helps you understand the underlying mechanisms and reasoning.