Explain the purpose of food preservation, list four food processing methods, and define 'secondary industry'.

3.1.1 Why do we preserve food?
We preserve food to:

• Prevent spoilage caused by microorganisms and enzymatic reactions.
• Extend its shelf life, making it available for longer periods.
• Maintain its nutritional value, taste, and texture.
• Reduce food waste and ensure food security.

3.1.2 Name FOUR methods used to process food.

• Canning
• Freezing
• Drying (Dehydration)
• Salting (Curing)
• Smoking
• Fermentation
• Pasteurization
• Pickling

3.1.3 Explain what is meant by the term 'secondary industry'.
A secondary industry processes raw materials obtained from primary industries into finished or semi-finished goods. This sector involves manufacturing, construction, and processing activities, adding value to raw products. For example, turning wheat (primary) into bread (secondary).