This economics question tests your understanding of economic models and analysis. The step-by-step answer below applies the relevant framework and explains the reasoning.
On 1st Jan 2012, Mallam Dangote commenced a trading business with N100,000 cash and a cheque of N70,000 from lottery. Record these transactions in a journal entry.

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\begin{array}{|l|l|r|r|} \hline Date & Particulars & Debit (N) & Credit (N) \ \hline 2012 Jan 2 & Bank Account & 45,000 & \ & Cash Account & & 45,000 \ & (Being cash deposited into bank) & & \ \hline 2012 Jan 2 & General Expenses Account & 4,200 & \ & Agreement Fees Account & 1,500 & \ & Cash Account & & 5,700 \ & (Being expenses paid in cash) & & \ \hline 2012 Jan 2 & Furniture and Fittings Account & 25,000 & \ & Bank Account & & 25,000 \ & (Being furniture and fittings acquired by cheque) & & \ \hline \end{array}
Here are the journal entries for the given transactions.
3 (a) Mallam Dangots commenced business by introducing personal cash and a cheque as capital.
3 (b) On 2nd Jan 2012, transactions include depositing cash into the bank, paying for business expenses, and acquiring furniture and fittings.
Step 1: Record the deposit of cash into the business bank account. Cash decreases (credit) and Bank increases (debit).
Step 2: Record the payment for business expenses. General Expenses and Agreement Fees are expenses (debit), and Cash decreases (credit).
Step 3: Record the acquisition of furniture and fittings paid by cheque. Furniture and Fittings (asset) increases (debit), and Bank (asset) decreases (credit).
\begin{array{|l|l|r|r|}
\hline
Date & Particulars & Debit (N) & Credit (N) \\
\hline
2012 Jan 2 & Bank Account & 45,000 & \\
& Cash Account & & 45,000 \\
& (Being cash deposited into bank) & & \\
\hline
2012 Jan 2 & General Expenses Account & 4,200 & \\
& Agreement Fees Account & 1,500 & \\
& Cash Account & & 5,700 \\
& (Being expenses paid in cash) & & \\
\hline
2012 Jan 2 & Furniture and Fittings Account & 25,000 & \\
& Bank Account & & 25,000 \\
& (Being furniture and fittings acquired by cheque) & & \\
\hline
\end{array}
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Record the deposit of cash into the business bank account. Cash decreases (credit) and Bank increases (debit).