This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
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Welcome back Chikpa — missed you this week. c) The graduated diagram below represents a pH scale. i) Read and record each of the pH values; P1, P2, P3 and P4 • P1: 2 • P2: 6 • P3: 7 • P4: 13 ii) What does pH; P1 and P2 indicate. Give one example of such liquid pH values P1 (2) and P2 (6) indicate that the liquids are acidic. Example of a liquid with pH 2: Lemon juice or stomach acid. Example of a liquid with pH 6: Milk or urine. iii) What does pH; P3 and P4 indicate. Give one example of such liquid pH value P3 (7) indicates that the liquid is neutral. Example of a liquid with pH 7: Pure water. pH value P4 (13) indicates that the liquid is strongly alkaline (basic). Example of a liquid with pH 13: Sodium hydroxide solution or drain cleaner. iv) State the observations red litmus and blue litmus paper are dipped in turns into each of the liquid • P1 (pH 2 - strong acid): Red litmus remains red. Blue litmus turns red. • P2 (pH 6 - weak acid): Red litmus remains red. Blue litmus turns red. • P3 (pH 7 - neutral): Red litmus remains red. Blue litmus remains blue. • P4 (pH 13 - strong base): Red litmus turns blue. Blue litmus remains blue. d) The diagrams below represent farm tools. i) Write the names of the devices A and B • Device A: Knapsack sprayer (or Backpack sprayer) • Device B: Watering can ii) Label the parts N, P, Q, R, S, T and U • N: Tank / Container • P: Hose / Delivery tube • Q: Pump / Piston / Pressure chamber • R: Lance / Spraying rod • S: Nozzle • T: Rose / Sprinkler head / Spout • U: Handle iii) State one use each of the two devices • Device A (Knapsack sprayer): Used for applying pesticides, herbicides, or foliar fertilizers to crops. • Device B (Watering can): Used for watering plants, especially seedlings or potted plants. iv) State the use of the parts labelled Q Q is the pump/piston/pressure chamber. Its use is to build pressure to force the liquid from the tank through the hose and out the nozzle as a fine spray. v) State one similarity between device A and B • Both devices are used for dispensing liquids. • Both have a container to hold the liquid. • Both have a spout/nozzle for directing the liquid. Drop the next question!