Balance the following chemical equations: Na(s) + H2O(l) → NaOH(aq) + H2(g) NaOH(aq) + H2SO4(aq) → Na2SO4(aq) + H2O(l) CuCO3(aq) + HNO3(aq) → Cu(NO3)2(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l) H2S(g) + 3O2(g) → SO2(g) + H2O(l) C2H6(g) + O2(g) → CO2(g) + H2O(l)

Upande wa kushoto: $\text{Na}=1$, $\text{H}=2$, $\text{O}=1$.
Upande wa kulia: $\text{Na}=1$, $\text{H}=1+2=3$, $\text{O}=1$.

Weka koefishienti 2 mbele ya $\text{H}_2\text{O}$ na 2 mbele ya $\text{NaOH}$ na 2 mbele ya $\text{Na}$.

Upande wa kushoto: $\text{Na}=2$, $\text{H}=2 \times 2 = 4$, $\text{O}=2$.
Upande wa kulia: $\text{Na}=2$, $\text{H}=2+2=4$, $\text{O}=2$.
Mlinganyo sasa umesawazishwa.

Jibu: $\boxed{2\text{Na(s)} + 2\text{H}_2\text{O(l)} \rightarrow 2\text{NaOH(aq)} + \text{H}_2\text{(g)}}$

Upande wa kushoto: $\text{Na}=1$, $\text{O}=1+4=5$, $\text{H}=1+2=3$, $\text{S}=1$.
Upande wa kulia: $\text{Na}=2$, $\text{O}=4+1=5$, $\text{H}=2$, $\text{S}=1$.

Kuna atomi 2 za $\text{Na}$ upande wa kulia na 1 upande wa kushoto. Weka koefishienti 2 mbele ya $\text{NaOH}$.

Sasa kuna $2 \times 1 + 2 = 4$ atomi za $\text{H}$ upande wa kushoto na 2 upande wa kulia. Weka koefishienti 2 mbele ya $\text{H}_2\text{O}$.

Upande wa kushoto: $\text{Na}=2$, $\text{O}=2+4=6$, $\text{H}=2+2=4$, $\text{S}=1$.
Upande wa kulia: $\text{Na}=2$, $\text{O}=4+2=6$, $\text{H}=2 \times 2 = 4$, $\text{S}=1$.
Mlinganyo sasa umesawazishwa.

Jibu: $\boxed{2\text{NaOH(aq)} + \text{H}_2\text{SO}_4\text{(aq)} \rightarrow \text{Na}_2\text{SO}_4\text{(aq)} + 2\text{H}_2\text{O(l)}}$

Upande wa kushoto: $\text{Cu}=1$, $\text{C}=1$, $\text{O}=3+3=6$, $\text{H}=1$, $\text{N}=1$.
Upande wa kulia: $\text{Cu}=1$, $\text{C}=1$, $\text{O}=2 \times 3 + 2 + 1 = 9$, $\text{H}=2$, $\text{N}=2$.

Kuna atomi 2 za $\text{N}$ upande wa kulia na 1 upande wa kushoto. Weka koefishienti 2 mbele ya $\text{HNO}_3$.

Upande wa kushoto: $\text{Cu}=1$, $\text{C}=1$, $\text{O}=3+(2 \times 3)=9$, $\text{H}=2$, $\text{N}=2$.
Upande wa kulia: $\text{Cu}=1$, $\text{C}=1$, $\text{O}=(2 \times 3)+2+1=9$, $\text{H}=2$, $\text{N}=2$.
Mlinganyo sasa umesawazishwa.

Jibu: $\boxed{\text{CuCO}_3\text{(aq)} + 2\text{HNO}_3\text{(aq)} \rightarrow \text{Cu(NO}_3)_2\text{(aq)} + \text{CO}_2\text{(g)} + \text{H}_2\text{O(l)}}$

Upande wa kushoto: $\text{H}=2$, $\text{S}=1$, $\text{O}=2$.
Upande wa kulia: $\text{H}=2$, $\text{S}=1$, $\text{O}=2+1=3$.

Kuna atomi 2 za $\text{O}$ upande wa kushoto na 3 upande wa kulia. Ili kusawazisha, tutahitaji koefishienti zisizo kamili au kuzidisha mlinganyo mzima baadaye.
Weka koefishienti 2 mbele ya $\text{H}_2\text{S}$ na 2 mbele ya $\text{SO}_2$ na 2 mbele ya $\text{H}_2\text{O}$.

Sasa kuna $2 \times 2 = 4$ atomi za $\text{H}$ upande wa kushoto na $2 \times 2 = 4$ upande wa kulia.
Kuna $2 \times 1 = 2$ atomi za $\text{S}$ upande wa kushoto na $2 \times 1 = 2$ upande wa kulia.
Kuna 2 atomi za $\text{O}$ upande wa kushoto na $(2 \times 2) + 2 = 6$ upande wa kulia.
Weka koefishienti 3 mbele ya $\text{O}_2$.

Upande wa kushoto: $\text{H}=4$, $\text{S}=2$, $\text{O}=3 \times 2 = 6$.
Upande wa kulia: $\text{H}=2 \times 2 = 4$, $\text{S}=2$, $\text{O}=(2 \times 2)+2=6$.
Mlinganyo sasa umesawazishwa.

Jibu: $\boxed{2\text{H}_2\text{S(g)} + 3\text{O}_2\text{(g)} \rightarrow 2\text{SO}_2\text{(g)} + 2\text{H}_2\text{O(l)}}$

Upande wa kushoto: $\text{C}=2$, $\text{H}=6$, $\text{O}=2$.
Upande wa kulia: $\text{C}=1$, $\text{H}=2$, $\text{O}=2+1=3$.

Kuna atomi 2 za $\text{C}$ upande wa kushoto na 1 upande wa kulia. Weka koefishienti 2 mbele ya $\text{CO}_2$.

Kuna atomi 6 za $\text{H}$ upande wa kushoto na 2 upande wa kulia. Weka koefishienti 3 mbele ya $\text{H}_2\text{O}$.

Sasa kuna 2 atomi za $\text{O}$ upande wa kushoto na $(2 \times 2) + (3 \times 1) = 4+3=7$ upande wa kulia.
Ili kusawazisha, weka koefishienti $\frac{7}{2}$ mbele ya $\text{O}_2$.

Upande wa kushoto: $\text{C}=2 \times 2 = 4$, $\text{H}=2 \times 6 = 12$, $\text{O}=7 \times 2 = 14$.
Upande wa kulia: $\text{C}=4$, $\text{H}=6 \times 2 = 12$, $\text{O}=(4 \times 2)+(6 \times 1)=8+6=14$.
Mlinganyo sasa umesawazishwa.

Jibu: $\boxed{2\text{C}_2\text{H}_6\text{(g)} + 7\text{O}_2\text{(g)} \rightarrow 4\text{CO}_2\text{(g)} + 6\text{H}_2\text{O(l)}}$