Hydrochloric acid reacts with magnesium oxide (a basic oxide) to form a salt and water.
This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
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b)
(i)
Hydrochloric acid reacts with magnesium oxide (a basic oxide) to form a salt and water.
$$ \text{Hydrochloric acid} + \text{Magnesium oxide} \longrightarrow \text{Magnesium chloride} + \text{Water} $$
(ii)
Hydrochloric acid reacts with zinc metal (a metal above hydrogen in the reactivity series) to form a salt and hydrogen gas.
$$ \text{Hydrochloric acid} + \text{Zinc} \longrightarrow \text{Zinc chloride} + \text{Hydrogen} $$
(iii)
Hydrochloric acid reacts with calcium hydrogen carbonate (a hydrogen carbonate) to form a salt, water, and carbon dioxide gas.
$$ \text{Hydrochloric acid} + \text{Calcium hydrogen carbonate} \longrightarrow \text{Calcium chloride} + \text{Water} + \text{Carbon dioxide} $$
(iv)
Hydrochloric acid reacts with potassium hydroxide (a base) in a neutralization reaction to form a salt and water.
$$ \text{Hydrochloric acid} + \text{Potassium hydroxide} \longrightarrow \text{Potassium chloride} + \text{Water} $$
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