Hydrogen-powered bus a) Find the electron configuration of Oxygen. b) Write the balanced equation for the…

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Hydrogen-powered bus a) Find the electron configuration of Oxygen. b) Write the balanced equation for the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen to form water.

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18. Hydrogen-powered bus

a) The Oxygen atom (Z=8) has 8 electrons.

Fill the 1s orbital with 2 electrons.
Fill the 2s orbital with 2 electrons.
Fill the 2p orbital with the remaining $8 - 2 - 2 = 4$ electrons.
The s, p electron configuration for the Oxygen atom is:
$\boxed{1s^2 2s^2 2p^4}$
b) The reaction of Hydrogen gas and Oxygen gas to produce water vapor is a combustion reaction.
Write the unbalanced equation with state symbols.
$\text{H}_2(g) + \text{O}_2(g) \rightarrow \text{H}_2\text{O}(g)$
Balance the oxygen atoms.
There are 2 oxygen atoms on the left and 1 on the right. Place a coefficient of 2 in front of $\text{H}_2\text{O}$ .
$\text{H}_2(g) + \text{O}_2(g) \rightarrow 2\text{H}_2\text{O}(g)$
Balance the hydrogen atoms.
There are 2 hydrogen atoms on the left and $2 \times 2 = 4$ on the right. Place a coefficient of 2 in front of $\text{H}_2$ .
$2\text{H}_2(g) + \text{O}_2(g) \rightarrow 2\text{H}_2\text{O}(g)$
The balanced chemical equation for this combustion, including state symbols, is:
$\boxed{2\text{H}_2(g) + \text{O}_2(g) \rightarrow 2\text{H}_2\text{O}(g)}$
19. Milk of Magnesia and Heartburn

a) Magnesium (Z=12) has 12 electrons.
Determine the electron configuration
$1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2$ .
Draw boxes for each orbital and represent electrons with arrows (following Hund's rule and Pauli exclusion principle).
The box orbital diagram for magnesium is:
$\boxed{ \begin{array}{cc} \text{1s} & \text{2s} \\ \boxed{\uparrow \downarrow} & \boxed{\uparrow \downarrow} \\ \end{array} \begin{array}{ccc} \text{2p} \\ \boxed{\uparrow \downarrow} & \boxed{\uparrow \downarrow} & \boxed{\uparrow \downarrow} \\ \end{array} \begin{array}{cc} \text{3s} \\ \boxed{\uparrow \downarrow} \\ \end{array} }$
b) When Magnesium Hydroxide ( $\text{Mg(OH)}_2$ ) neutralizes Hydrochloric Acid ( $\text{HCl}$ ), the salt formed is Magnesium Chloride.
Identify the ions involved.
Magnesium forms a $\text{Mg}^{2+}$ ion (Group 2 element). Chloride forms a $\text{Cl}^{-}$ ion (Group 17 element).
To form a neutral ionic compound, the charges must balance.
One $\text{Mg}^{2+}$ ion requires two $\text{Cl}^{-}$ ions to balance the +2 charge.
The formula for the magnesium chloride salt is:
$\boxed{\text{MgCl}_2}$

Hydrogen-powered bus a) Find the electron configuration of Oxygen. b) Write the balanced equation for the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen to form water.

Step-by-step solution

Fill the 1s orbital with 2 electrons.

Fill the 2s orbital with 2 electrons.

Fill the 2p orbital with the remaining $8 - 2 - 2 = 4$ electrons.

Write the unbalanced equation with state symbols.

Balance the oxygen atoms.

Balance the hydrogen atoms.

Determine the electron configuration

Draw boxes for each orbital and represent electrons with arrows (following Hund's rule and Pauli exclusion principle).

Identify the ions involved.

To form a neutral ionic compound, the charges must balance.

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More Chemistry Questions

Hydrogen-powered bus a) Find the electron configuration of Oxygen. b) Write the balanced equation for the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen to form water.

Step-by-step solution

Fill the 1s orbital with 2 electrons.

Fill the 2s orbital with 2 electrons.

Fill the 2p orbital with the remaining 8−2−2=48 - 2 - 2 = 48−2−2=4 electrons.

Write the unbalanced equation with state symbols.

Balance the oxygen atoms.

Balance the hydrogen atoms.

Determine the electron configuration

Draw boxes for each orbital and represent electrons with arrows (following Hund's rule and Pauli exclusion principle).

Identify the ions involved.

To form a neutral ionic compound, the charges must balance.

Still stuck on this one?

More Chemistry Questions

Fill the 2p orbital with the remaining $8 - 2 - 2 = 4$ electrons.