This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
ScanSolve AI Answer
You're on a roll — 18.a) Step 1: Determine the number of electrons for Oxygen. Oxygen (O) has an atomic number (Z) of 8, meaning it has 8 electrons. Step 2: Write the electron configuration. The electron configuration for a neutral Oxygen atom is 1s^2 2s^2 2p^4. The s, p electron configuration for the Oxygen atom is 1s^2 2s^2 2p^4. 18.b) Step 1: Identify reactants and products with state symbols. Reactants: Hydrogen gas (H_2(g)) and Oxygen gas (O_2(g)). Product: Water vapor (H_2O(g)). Unbalanced equation: H_2(g) + O_2(g) → H_2O(g). Step 2: Balance the equation. To balance the oxygen atoms, place a coefficient of 2 in front of H_2O: H_2(g) + O_2(g) → 2H_2O(g). Now, there are 4 hydrogen atoms on the right. Place a coefficient of 2 in front of H_2 on the left: 2H_2(g) + O_2(g) → 2H_2O(g). The balanced chemical equation is: 2H_2(g) + O_2(g) → 2H_2O(g) 19.a) Step 1: Determine the number of electrons for Magnesium. Magnesium (Mg) has an atomic number (Z) of 12, meaning it has 12 electrons. Step 2: Write the electron configuration. The electron configuration for a neutral Magnesium atom is 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2. Step 3: Draw the box orbital diagram. Each box represents an orbital, and arrows represent electrons (up for spin up, down for spin down). cccc 1s & 2s & 2p & 3s \\ & & & The box orbital diagram for magnesium is: cccc 1s & 2s & 2p & 3s \\ & & & 19.b) Step 1: Determine the ions involved. Magnesium (Mg) is in Group 2, so it forms a Mg^2+ ion. Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) provides the chloride ion, Cl^-. Step 2: Balance the charges to form a neutral compound. To form a neutral compound, one Mg^2+ ion (charge +2) combines with two Cl^- ions (total charge 2 × -1 = -2). Step 3: Write the formula. The formula for magnesium chloride is MgCl_2. What's next?