This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
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Here are the answers for question 20: a) i) Chloride ions (Cl⁻): Test: Add dilute nitric acid, then aqueous silver nitrate. Observation: A white precipitate forms, which is soluble in dilute aqueous ammonia. ii) Sulphate ions (SO₄²⁻): Test: Add dilute hydrochloric acid, then aqueous barium chloride. Observation: A white precipitate forms, which is insoluble in excess dilute hydrochloric acid. b) i) Lithium salt: Crimson red* ii) Sodium salt: Persistent golden yellow* c) Step 1: Perform a flame test on a small sample from each bottle. Step 2: Observe the colour of the flame. The bottle that produces a lilac flame contains potassium chloride. The bottle that produces a persistent golden yellow flame contains sodium chloride. d) Step 1: Analyze the flame test result. A persistent golden yellow flame indicates the presence of sodium ions (Na^+). Step 2: Analyze the precipitate formation with acidified silver nitrate. A pale yellow precipitate with acidified silver nitrate indicates the presence of bromide ions (Br^-). Step 3: Analyze the solubility of the precipitate. The precipitate being sparingly soluble in concentrated ammonia confirms the presence of bromide ions (Br^-). Step 4: Combine the identified ions to name and formulate the salt. The salt contains sodium ions (Na^+) and bromide ions (Br^-). Name: Sodium bromide Formula: NaBr Send me the next one 📸