The following table shows the positions of some elements in the periodic table: Which of the elements in the periodic table:

Here are the answers to your chemistry questions:

a)

(i) Element T is in Group V, which includes nitrogen. Nitrogen exists as a diatomic gas ($\text{N}_2$). Element M is in Group VI, which includes oxygen. Oxygen also exists as a diatomic gas ($\text{O}_2$). * T, M

(ii) Element O is in Group I, which consists of the alkali metals. * O

(iii) Element R is in Group III. Elements like aluminum (in Group III) form amphoteric oxides. * R

(iv) Electrovalent (ionic) bonds form between a metal and a non-metal. Element O is a metal (Group I), and element M is a non-metal (Group VI). * O

(v) Element V is in Group VIII, which consists of the noble gases. * V

(vi) Covalent oxides are formed by non-metals. Element T is in Group V (a non-metal, e.g., nitrogen), and it forms covalent oxides (e.g., $\text{N}_2\text{O}_5$). While M (Group VI) is also a non-metal, if M is oxygen, it is the oxygen in the oxide, not the element forming the oxide with oxygen. Therefore, T is a more direct answer. * T

b)

(i) A saturated solution is a solution that contains the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature and pressure. If more solute is added, it will not dissolve and will remain as a solid.