The homework question asks students to identify compounds used in sanitizers, the chemist who first prepared ethanol synthetically, and the product of primary amine reactions with alkyl halides.

10. Of the following compounds, the one used in common sanitizers is:

b) Ethanol

Ethanol (ethyl alcohol) is a very common active ingredient in hand sanitizers due to its effectiveness against a wide range of microbes. Isopropyl alcohol (d) is also commonly used. However, since only one option can be selected, Ethanol is a primary and widely recognized choice.

11. Ethanol was first prepared synthetically by the chemist:

a) Michael Faraday

The first synthetic preparation of ethanol is generally attributed to Henry Hennell in 1826, and later by Marcellin Berthelot in 1854. None of the provided options are historically accurate for the first synthetic preparation. However, if forced to choose from the given options, Michael Faraday was a prominent chemist active in the early 19th century, contributing to organic chemistry, which might be the intended (though historically imprecise) answer in this context.

12. Primary Amines react with alkyl halides not to form ..... amines.

d) None

Primary amines ($RNH_2$) can undergo successive alkylation reactions with alkyl halides ($R'X$):

• The first reaction forms a secondary amine ($RNHR'$).
• The second reaction forms a tertiary amine ($RNR'_2$).
• The third reaction forms a quaternary ammonium salt (RNR'_3^+X^-), which is a type of quaternary amine derivative. Since primary amines can form secondary, tertiary, and quaternary amines, they do not fail to form any of these. Therefore, the answer is "None" of the listed options.

13. Organometallic compounds are used as therapeutic for fatal diseases like....

d) All

Organometallic compounds have diverse applications in medicine:

• Many cancer drugs, such as cisplatin, are platinum-based organometallic compounds.
• Some organometallic compounds are being investigated for their potential in treating HIV.
• Certain organometallic compounds, including some gold and ferrocene derivatives, show promise as anti-tuberculosis agents, particularly against drug-resistant strains. Given their broad therapeutic potential, organometallic compounds are relevant to all the listed diseases.

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