What are the key differences between soaps and detergents regarding biodegradability?

41. What will be observed at the anode as electrolysis proceeds?
During electrolysis, oxidation occurs at the anode. If the anode itself is made of an active metal, it will be oxidized and dissolve into the electrolyte, causing its size to decrease.

• The correct option is C.
  • C) The anode will decrease in size

42. Sodium hydroxide is deliquescent. Describe what will be observed if NaOH pellets are exposed to air?
Deliquescent substances absorb moisture from the air until they dissolve and form a solution.

• The correct option is A.
  • A) They form a solution

43. The function of limestone in the extraction of iron is to remove
Limestone (calcium carbonate) acts as a flux in the blast furnace. It decomposes to calcium oxide, which then reacts with acidic impurities like silica ($SiO_2$) to form slag, which is easily removed.

• The correct option is B.
  • B) Earth impurities

44. Charles' law can be represented mathematically as;
Charles's Law states that for a fixed mass of gas at constant pressure, the volume ($V$) is directly proportional to its absolute temperature ($T$).

• The correct option is C.
  • C) $V \propto T$

45. Which of the following is a difference between soaps and detergents?
Soaps are generally biodegradable, meaning they can be broken down by microorganisms. Many older detergents were non-biodegradable, though modern detergents are often designed to be biodegradable. Soaps also form scum in hard water, while detergents do not.

• The correct option is A.
  • A) Soaps are biodegradable while detergents are non-biodegradable

46. State the three main steps in preparing a standard solution.
The main steps involve accurately measuring the solute, dissolving it, and then transferring it to a volumetric flask for dilution to a specific volume.

• The correct option is D.
  • D) Weigh, Dissolve, Transfer

47. The choice of an indicator used during an acid-base titration depends on
The indicator chosen for an acid-base titration must have a color change range that corresponds to the pH at the equivalence point of the specific titration. The pH at the equivalence point is determined by the strengths of the acid and base being titrated.

• The correct option is A.
  • A) The strength of the acid or base used

48. The following reaction represents the industrial production of ammonia

$$N_2(g) + 3H_2(g) \rightleftharpoons 2NH_3(g) \quad \Delta H = -92 \text{ kJ/mol}$$

If the temperature is increased, the equilibrium position will;
The reaction is exothermic ($\Delta H$ is negative). According to Le Chatelier's Principle, if the temperature is increased, the equilibrium will shift in the endothermic direction to absorb the added heat. The reverse reaction (decomposition of ammonia) is endothermic.

• The correct option is C.
  • C) Shift to the left

49. A compound contains 85.7% C and 14.3% H only. Determine its empirical formula