This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
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Here are the completed table and answers: a) i) Conclusion: NH_4^+ ions present a) ii) Conclusion: NO_3^- ions present b) i) Observation: A dirty green precipitate is formed b) ii) Observation: A white precipitate is formed, insoluble in dil HCl c) i) Test Procedure: Flame test on Z Conclusion: Ca^2+ ions present c) ii) Conclusion: CO_3^2- ions present d) From the table identify X, Y and Z. X: Ammonium nitrate* (NH_4NO_3) Y: Iron(II) sulfate* (FeSO_4) Z: Calcium carbonate* (CaCO_3) e) To prepare and collect a dry sample of Ammonia gas in the laboratory, the following equipments and chemicals are provided: Round bottomed flask, delivery tubes, clamp and stand, drying tower, gas jar, NH_4Cl, solid Ca(OH)_2 and quicklime CaO. Draw and label the experimental set up you will use. Description of the experimental setup: 1. A round-bottomed flask is clamped in a horizontal or slightly downward-sloping position using a clamp and stand. 2. A mixture of solid ammonium chloride (NH_4Cl) and solid calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)_2) is placed in the flask. 3. The flask is heated gently. 4. A delivery tube leads from the flask into a drying tower packed with quicklime (CaO). Quicklime is used as a drying agent because ammonia is an alkaline gas and would react with acidic drying agents. 5. Another delivery tube leads from the drying tower to an inverted gas jar. 6. Ammonia gas, being less dense than air, is collected by the downward displacement of air in the inverted gas jar. Reaction: 2NH_4Cl(s) + Ca(OH)_2(s) heat CaCl_2(s) + 2H_2O(g) + 2NH_3(g) That's 2 down. 3 left today — send the next one.