What are the sub units of carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are broadly classified into three main subunits:

1. Monosaccharides: These are the simplest form of carbohydrates, often called simple sugars. Examples include glucose, fructose, and galactose.
2. Disaccharides: These are formed when two monosaccharides are linked together. Common examples are sucrose (table sugar, made from glucose and fructose), lactose (milk sugar, made from glucose and galactose), and maltose (malt sugar, made from two glucose units).
3. Polysaccharides: These are complex carbohydrates made up of long chains of monosaccharides. Examples include starch (found in plants), glycogen (stored in animals), and cellulose (a structural component of plant cell walls).