What's the meaning of the double bond in alkene?
Chemistry
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A double bond in an alkene is a covalent bond between two carbon atoms that involves the sharing of four electrons, instead of the two electrons shared in a single bond.
This double bond consists of two parts:
- A sigma bond (σ bond): This is a strong bond formed by the direct overlap of atomic orbitals along the axis connecting the two carbon nuclei.
- A pi bond (π bond): This is a weaker bond formed by the sideways overlap of unhybridized p orbitals above and below the axis of the sigma bond.
The presence of the pi bond makes the double bond shorter, stronger, and more reactive than a single bond. It also restricts rotation around the carbon-carbon axis, leading to cis-trans isomerism in some alkenes.
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