Define information system, database, and DBMS. List components of an information system and give two examples of information systems in daily life. State two characteristics of good information.

Here are the answers to the questions: SECTION B: SHORT ANSWERS 1. Define the following terms: a) Information System An information system is a set of interrelated components that collect, process, store, and distribute data to support decision-making and control in an organization. b) Database A database is an organized collection of structured data, typically stored and accessed electronically from a computer system. c) Database management system (DBMS) A DBMS is software that allows users to define, create, maintain, and control access to a database. It acts as an interface between the database and its end-users or application programs. 2. a) List three components of an information system. Hardware Software Data b) Give two examples of information systems used in daily life. Online banking systems E-commerce websites (e.g., Amazon) c) What is the role of people in an information system? People are the users, operators, and developers of information systems. They interact with the system by inputting data, interpreting information, and making decisions based on the system's output. 3. a) State two characteristics of good information. Accuracy*: Information should be free from errors and reliable. Timeliness*: Information should be available when needed for decision-making. b) State two differences between data and information. Data are raw, unorganized facts, while information is processed, organized, and structured data that has meaning and context. Data has no inherent meaning on its own, whereas information is meaningful and useful for decision-making. SECTION C: STRUCTURED QUESTIONS 1. A school uses a computerized system to manage student records. a) Identify three components of this system. Hardware (e.g., computers, servers) Software (e.g., student management application) Data (e.g., student names, grades, attendance) b) State two advantages. Improved efficiency in managing and retrieving student records. Reduced manual errors and enhanced data accuracy. c) State two disadvantages. High initial cost for system setup and staff training. Risk of data security breaches or system failures leading to data loss. 2. a) Explain the term Management Information System (MIS). A Management Information System (MIS) is a computer-based system that provides managers with the necessary information to make effective decisions. It collects, processes, and presents data from various sources in a structured format to support planning, control, and operational functions. b) State two characteristics of MIS in an organization. It provides timely and relevant* information to support managerial decision-making. It integrates data from different functional areas to offer a comprehensive view of organizational performance. 3. State two advantages of using a database system. Reduced data redundancy*: Minimizes the duplication of data, saving storage space and improving consistency. Improved data consistency and integrity*: Ensures that data is accurate and reliable across the system by enforcing rules and constraints. 4. Differentiate between: a) Field and Record A field is a single piece of information or attribute about an entity (e.g., "Student Name" or "Date of Birth"). A record is a collection of related fields that represent a complete set of information about a single entity (e.g., all the details for one specific student). b) Primary key and Foreign key A primary key is a field (or combination of fields) that uniquely identifies each record in a table, ensuring no two records are identical. A foreign key is a field (or combination of fields) in one table that refers to the primary key in another table, establishing a link or relationship between the two tables. 3 done, 2 left today. You're making progress.