Describe the value chain of gold, from extraction to finished jewelry.

5.3
Miners earn more money by extracting raw gold, which is a valuable natural resource in high demand. Jewellery shopkeepers increase gold's value significantly by transforming it into intricate designs and finished products, which are then sold at a premium to consumers.

5.4
The journey of gold from its raw state to a finished piece of jewellery involves several key stages. First, gold ore is extracted from deep within the earth through extensive mining operations. This raw gold is then transported to refineries where it is purified and processed into pure gold bars or grains. Next, these refined gold materials are sent to manufacturers who melt, alloy, and shape them into various jewellery components. Finally, these components are assembled, polished, and sold as finished jewellery items in retail shops, completing gold's transformation.