The impact of the drought and desertification problem is severe and widespread, affecting environmental, social, and economic systems. Environmental Impacts: It leads to significant loss of biodiversity, soil degradation (erosion, loss of fertility), increased water scarcity, and more frequent dust storms*. Social Impacts: Communities face food insecurity due to reduced agricultural yields, leading to malnutrition and displacement or migration of populations. It can also exacerbate conflicts over dwindling resources*. Economic Impacts: There are substantial agricultural losses, reduced livelihoods for farmers and pastoralists, and increased poverty* in affected regions.