Using the provided map extract, identify the map scale type and calculate distances between specified locations in km and m.

*   The bar scale shows that approximately $3.5 \text{ cm}$ on the map represents $800 \text{ km}$ in reality.
*   Thus, the scale factor is $\frac{800 \text{ km}}{3.5 \text{ cm}}$.

*   The measured distance on the map is approximately $2.5 \text{ cm}$.

$$
\text{Actual distance} = 2.5 \text{ cm} \times \frac{800 \text{ km}}{3.5 \text{ cm}}
$$
$$
\text{Actual distance} = \frac{2000}{3.5} \text{ km} \approx 571.43 \text{ km}
$$
The distance from Durban to Polokwane is approximately $\boxed{\text{571.43 km}}$.

*   The measured distance on the map is approximately $1.5 \text{ cm}$.

$$
\text{Actual distance} = 1.5 \text{ cm} \times \frac{800 \text{ km}}{3.5 \text{ cm}}
$$
$$
\text{Actual distance} = \frac{1200}{3.5} \text{ km} \approx 342.86 \text{ km}
$$

$$
\text{Actual distance in meters} = 342.86 \text{ km} \times 1000 \text{ m/km} = 342860 \text{ m}
$$
The distance from Karkloof to Johannesburg is approximately $\boxed{\text{342860 m}}$.

*   The measured distance on the map is approximately $4.5 \text{ cm}$.

$$
\text{Actual distance} = 4.5 \text{ cm} \times \frac{800 \text{ km}}{3.5 \text{ cm}}
$$
$$
\text{Actual distance} = \frac{3600}{3.5} \text{ km} \approx 1028.57 \text{ km}
$$
The distance from Polokwane to Cape Town is approximately $\boxed{\text{1028.57 km}}$.

*   This map covers a very large geographical area, encompassing multiple countries in Southern Africa. Maps that show large areas with less detail are classified as **small-scale maps**. Therefore, this is an example of a **small-scale map**.