1.1 A factory quality inspector selects the next 10 products off the assembly line to check for defects. In probability terms, this situation is best described as a random experiment where each of t

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1.1 A factory quality inspector selects the next 10 products off the assembly line to check for defects. In probability terms, this situation is best described as a random experiment where each of the 10 products can either be defective or non-defective. The sample space includes all possible sequences of these outcomes.

The correct option is D.

$$\boxed{\text{D. A random experiment with sample space of all possible defect/non-defect sequences in 10 trials.}}$$

1.2 In a market survey, event A is "customer is under 30" and event B is "customer prefers online shopping". The union $A \cup B$ represents all outcomes that are in A, or in B, or in both. Therefore, it describes customers who are under 30 or prefer online shopping (or both).

The correct option is B.

$$\boxed{\text{B. Customers who are under 30 or prefer online shopping (or both).}}$$

1.3 A manager believes there is a 70% chance that a new product will succeed based solely on past experience and intuition, with no historical data for this specific product type. This type of probability, based on personal judgment and belief rather than empirical data or theoretical calculation, is known as subjective probability.

The correct option is A.

$$\boxed{\text{A. Subjective probability based on personal judgment.}}$$