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Evaluate (1+i)⁻¹ and express the result in the form a+bi.

Mathematics

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Answer

(c) (12−12i)\text{(c) } \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2}i\right)

Step-by-step solution

4 steps

To evaluate (1+i)−1(1+i)^{-1}, we first rewrite it as a fraction and then multiply the numerator and denominator by the conjugate of the denominator.

  1. Rewrite the expression.

    (1+i)−1=11+i(1+i)^{-1} = \frac{1}{1+i}
  2. Multiply the numerator and denominator by the conjugate of the denominator.

    The conjugate of (1+i)(1+i) is (1−i)(1-i).

    11+i×1−i1−i\frac{1}{1+i} \times \frac{1-i}{1-i}
  3. Simplify the expression.

    The numerator becomes 1×(1−i)=1−i1 \times (1-i) = 1-i.
    The denominator is a product of a complex number and its conjugate, which simplifies to a2+b2a^2 + b^2 for (a+bi)(a−bi)(a+bi)(a-bi). Here, a=1a=1 and b=1b=1.

    (1+i)(1−i)=12−i2=1−(−1)=1+1=2(1+i)(1-i) = 1^2 - i^2 = 1 - (-1) = 1+1 = 2

    So the expression becomes:

    1−i2\frac{1-i}{2}
  4. Separate into real and imaginary parts.

    12−12i\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2}i

    Comparing this with the given options, it matches option (c).

    The final answer is (c) (12−12i)\text{(c) } \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2}i\right).

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