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2^x 13^(x+10) = (2^x2) 36^(x2)

Mathematics

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Answer

x≈2.8590 or x≈−2.0972x \approx 2.8590 \text{ or } x \approx -2.0972

Step-by-step solution

5 steps

The problem asks to solve the equation:

2x×13x+10∼(2x2)×36x22^x \times 13^{x+10} \sim (2^{x^2}) \times 36^{x^2}

We will assume the symbol ∼\sim represents an equals sign (==), as is common in mathematical problems of this type.

  1. Rewrite the equation and simplify the right side.

    The equation is:

    2x×13x+10=(2x2)×36x22^x \times 13^{x+10} = (2^{x^2}) \times 36^{x^2}

    First, express 36 in terms of its prime factors: 36=62=(2×3)2=22×3236 = 6^2 = (2 \times 3)^2 = 2^2 \times 3^2.
    Now substitute this into the right side of the equation:

    2x×13x+10=2x2×(22×32)x22^x \times 13^{x+10} = 2^{x^2} \times (2^2 \times 3^2)^{x^2}

    Apply the exponent rule (am)n=amn(a^m)^n = a^{mn} and (ab)n=anbn(ab)^n = a^n b^n:

    2x×13x+10=2x2×22x2×32x22^x \times 13^{x+10} = 2^{x^2} \times 2^{2x^2} \times 3^{2x^2}

    Combine the terms with base 2 on the right side using the rule am×an=am+na^m \times a^n = a^{m+n}:

    2x×13x+10=2x2+2x2×32x22^x \times 13^{x+10} = 2^{x^2 + 2x^2} \times 3^{2x^2} 2x×13x+10=23x2×32x22^x \times 13^{x+10} = 2^{3x^2} \times 3^{2x^2}
  2. Take the logarithm of both sides.

    To solve for xx, we take the logarithm (e.g., base 10 logarithm, denoted as log⁡\log) of both sides. Use the logarithm properties log⁡(ab)=log⁡a+log⁡b\log(ab) = \log a + \log b and log⁡(ab)=blog⁡a\log(a^b) = b \log a:

    log⁡(2x×13x+10)=log⁡(23x2×32x2)\log(2^x \times 13^{x+10}) = \log(2^{3x^2} \times 3^{2x^2}) xlog⁡2+(x+10)log⁡13=3x2log⁡2+2x2log⁡3x \log 2 + (x+10) \log 13 = 3x^2 \log 2 + 2x^2 \log 3
  3. Rearrange the equation into a standard quadratic form Ax2+Bx+C=0Ax^2 + Bx + C = 0.

    Expand the terms:

    xlog⁡2+xlog⁡13+10log⁡13=3x2log⁡2+2x2log⁡3x \log 2 + x \log 13 + 10 \log 13 = 3x^2 \log 2 + 2x^2 \log 3

    Move all terms to one side to form a quadratic equation:

    (3log⁡2+2log⁡3)x2−(log⁡2+log⁡13)x−10log⁡13=0(3 \log 2 + 2 \log 3)x^2 - (\log 2 + \log 13)x - 10 \log 13 = 0

    Use logarithm properties log⁡a+log⁡b=log⁡(ab)\log a + \log b = \log(ab) and blog⁡a=log⁡(ab)b \log a = \log(a^b):

    (log⁡(23)+log⁡(32))x2−(log⁡(2×13))x−10log⁡13=0(\log(2^3) + \log(3^2))x^2 - (\log(2 \times 13))x - 10 \log 13 = 0 (log⁡8+log⁡9)x2−(log⁡26)x−10log⁡13=0(\log 8 + \log 9)x^2 - (\log 26)x - 10 \log 13 = 0 (log⁡(8×9))x2−(log⁡26)x−10log⁡13=0(\log(8 \times 9))x^2 - (\log 26)x - 10 \log 13 = 0 (log⁡72)x2−(log⁡26)x−10log⁡13=0(\log 72)x^2 - (\log 26)x - 10 \log 13 = 0

    This is a quadratic equation where A=log⁡72A = \log 72, B=−log⁡26B = -\log 26, and C=−10log⁡13C = -10 \log 13.

  4. Apply the quadratic formula to find xx.

    The quadratic formula is x=−B±B2−4AC2Ax = \frac{-B \pm \sqrt{B^2 - 4AC}}{2A}.

    x=−(−log⁡26)±(−log⁡26)2−4(log⁡72)(−10log⁡13)2(log⁡72)x = \frac{-(-\log 26) \pm \sqrt{(-\log 26)^2 - 4(\log 72)(-10 \log 13)}}{2(\log 72)} x=log⁡26±(log⁡26)2+40(log⁡72)(log⁡13)2log⁡72x = \frac{\log 26 \pm \sqrt{(\log 26)^2 + 40 (\log 72)(\log 13)}}{2 \log 72}

    This is the exact solution for xx.

  5. Calculate the numerical values (using base-10 logarithms, rounded to 4 decimal places).

    log⁡72≈1.8573\log 72 \approx 1.8573
    log⁡26≈1.4150\log 26 \approx 1.4150
    log⁡13≈1.1139\log 13 \approx 1.1139

    Substitute these values into the quadratic formula:
    A≈1.8573A \approx 1.8573
    B≈−1.4150B \approx -1.4150
    C≈−10×1.1139=−11.1390C \approx -10 \times 1.1139 = -11.1390

    Calculate the discriminant Δ=B2−4AC\Delta = B^2 - 4AC:
    Δ≈(−1.4150)2−4(1.8573)(−11.1390)\Delta \approx (-1.4150)^2 - 4(1.8573)(-11.1390)
    Δ≈2.0022+82.7285\Delta \approx 2.0022 + 82.7285
    Δ≈84.7307\Delta \approx 84.7307
    Δ≈84.7307≈9.2050\sqrt{\Delta} \approx \sqrt{84.7307} \approx 9.2050

    Now, calculate the two possible values for xx:

    x=1.4150±9.20502(1.8573)x = \frac{1.4150 \pm 9.2050}{2(1.8573)} x=1.4150±9.20503.7146x = \frac{1.4150 \pm 9.2050}{3.7146} x1=1.4150+9.20503.7146=10.62003.7146≈2.8590x_1 = \frac{1.4150 + 9.2050}{3.7146} = \frac{10.6200}{3.7146} \approx 2.8590 x2=1.4150−9.20503.7146=−7.79003.7146≈−2.0972x_2 = \frac{1.4150 - 9.2050}{3.7146} = \frac{-7.7900}{3.7146} \approx -2.0972

    The solutions for xx are approximately:
    x≈2.8590 or x≈−2.0972x \approx 2.8590 \text{ or } x \approx -2.0972

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