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A circular lawn has a path of uniform width around it. The area of the path is 21% of the area of the lawn. If the path is 7m wide, what is the radius of the lawn?

Mathematics

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Answers

3 parts
a

70 m\text{70 m}

b

88 posts\text{88 posts}

c

sh 9240\text{sh 9240}

Step-by-step solution

9 steps

Part a· 4 steps

Calculate the radius of the lawn

  1. Define the radii and areas.

    Let rr be the radius of the lawn.
    The area of the lawn is Alawn=πr2A_{lawn} = \pi r^2.
    The path has a uniform width of 7 m, so the outer radius (lawn + path) is R=r+7R = r + 7.
    The total area (lawn + path) is Atotal=π(r+7)2A_{total} = \pi (r+7)^2.
    The area of the path is Apath=Atotal−Alawn=π(r+7)2−πr2A_{path} = A_{total} - A_{lawn} = \pi (r+7)^2 - \pi r^2.

  2. Set up the equation based on the given information.

    We are given that the area of the path is 21%21\% of the area of the lawn.

    Apath=0.21×AlawnA_{path} = 0.21 \times A_{lawn} π(r+7)2−πr2=0.21πr2\pi (r+7)^2 - \pi r^2 = 0.21 \pi r^2
  3. Simplify the equation by dividing by π\pi and expanding.

    (r+7)2−r2=0.21r2(r+7)^2 - r^2 = 0.21 r^2 r2+14r+49−r2=0.21r2r^2 + 14r + 49 - r^2 = 0.21 r^2 14r+49=0.21r214r + 49 = 0.21 r^2
  4. Rearrange into a quadratic equation and solve for rr.

    0.21r2−14r−49=00.21 r^2 - 14r - 49 = 0

    Multiply by 100 to clear decimals:

    21r2−1400r−4900=021 r^2 - 1400r - 4900 = 0

    Divide by 7:

    3r2−200r−700=03 r^2 - 200r - 700 = 0

    Using the quadratic formula r=−b±b2−4ac2ar = \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a}:

    r=−(−200)±(−200)2−4(3)(−700)2(3)r = \frac{-(-200) \pm \sqrt{(-200)^2 - 4(3)(-700)}}{2(3)} r=200±40000+84006r = \frac{200 \pm \sqrt{40000 + 8400}}{6} r=200±484006r = \frac{200 \pm \sqrt{48400}}{6} r=200±2206r = \frac{200 \pm 220}{6}

    We get two possible values for rr:

    r1=200+2206=4206=70r_1 = \frac{200 + 220}{6} = \frac{420}{6} = 70 r2=200−2206=−206=−103r_2 = \frac{200 - 220}{6} = \frac{-20}{6} = -\frac{10}{3}

    Since the radius cannot be negative, we take the positive value.

    The radius of the lawn is 70 m\boxed{\text{70 m}}.

Part b

88 posts\text{88 posts}

Calculate the total number of posts required for the fencing

  1. Calculate the circumference of the inner and outer sides.

    For this problem, we will use π=227\pi = \frac{22}{7} for exact integer results for the number of posts.
    Inner radius r=70r = 70 m.
    Inner circumference Cinner=2πr=2×227×70=2×22×10=440C_{inner} = 2 \pi r = 2 \times \frac{22}{7} \times 70 = 2 \times 22 \times 10 = 440 m.
    Outer radius R=r+7=70+7=77R = r + 7 = 70 + 7 = 77 m.
    Outer circumference Couter=2πR=2×227×77=2×22×11=484C_{outer} = 2 \pi R = 2 \times \frac{22}{7} \times 77 = 2 \times 22 \times 11 = 484 m.

  2. Calculate the number of posts for each side.

    Posts on the inner side are at intervals of 10 m:

    Ninner=Cinner10=44010=44 postsN_{inner} = \frac{C_{inner}}{10} = \frac{440}{10} = 44 \text{ posts}

    Posts on the outer side are at intervals of 11 m:

    Nouter=Couter11=48411=44 postsN_{outer} = \frac{C_{outer}}{11} = \frac{484}{11} = 44 \text{ posts}
  3. Calculate the total number of posts.

    Total posts = Ninner+Nouter=44+44=88N_{inner} + N_{outer} = 44 + 44 = 88 posts.

    The total number of posts required is 88 posts\boxed{\text{88 posts}}.

Part c

sh 9240\text{sh 9240}

Calculate the total cost of the posts

  1. Use the total number of posts and the cost per post.

    Total number of posts = 88.
    Cost per post = sh 105.

  2. Calculate the total cost.

    Total cost = Total number of posts ×\times Cost per post
    Total cost = 88×105=924088 \times 105 = 9240 sh.

    The total cost of the posts is sh 9240\boxed{\text{sh 9240}}.

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