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A vertical post TF stands on level ground. The angle of depression from T to B is 25 degrees and from T to A is 18 degrees. B and A are on the ground such that F, B, A are collinear and B is between F

Mathematics

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Step-by-step solution

4 steps

here are the solutions to the questions:

  1. a) Let T be the top of the post and F be the foot of the post. Let H be the height of the post. Points A and B are on the ground, on the same line as the foot of the post. Point B is nearer to the foot of the post (F) than point A. The angle of depression from T to B is 25∘25^\circ. The angle of depression from T to A is 18∘18^\circ. The distance between A and B is 70 m70 \text{ m}.

Here is a sketch representing the positions:

      T (Top of post)
      | \
      |   \
      |     \
      |       \
      |         \
    H |           \
      |             \
      |               \
      |                 \
      F-------------------B-------------------A
      <---- x ----><----- 70m ----->

In the sketch:

  • TF is the height of the post, H.
  • F is the foot of the post.
  • B is a point on the ground, closer to F.
  • A is a point on the ground, further from F.
  • ∠TBF=25∘\angle TBF = 25^\circ (angle of elevation from B to T, which is equal to the angle of depression from T to B).
  • ∠TAF=18∘\angle TAF = 18^\circ (angle of elevation from A to T, which is equal to the angle of depression from T to A).
  • Distance FB = xx.
  • Distance AB = 70 m70 \text{ m}.
  • Distance FA = x+70 mx + 70 \text{ m}.

Part b(i)· 4 steps

The height of the post from the ground level.

  1. Set up trigonometric equations for the two right-angled triangles, △TFB\triangle TFB and △TFA\triangle TFA.

    In △TFB\triangle TFB:

    tan⁡(25∘)=TFFB=Hx\tan(25^\circ) = \frac{TF}{FB} = \frac{H}{x}

    So, H=xtan⁡(25∘)H = x \tan(25^\circ) (Equation 1)

    In △TFA\triangle TFA:

    tan⁡(18∘)=TFFA=Hx+70\tan(18^\circ) = \frac{TF}{FA} = \frac{H}{x + 70}

    So, H=(x+70)tan⁡(18∘)H = (x + 70) \tan(18^\circ) (Equation 2)

  2. Equate the expressions for H to solve for xx.

    xtan⁡(25∘)=(x+70)tan⁡(18∘)x \tan(25^\circ) = (x + 70) \tan(18^\circ) xtan⁡(25∘)=xtan⁡(18∘)+70tan⁡(18∘)x \tan(25^\circ) = x \tan(18^\circ) + 70 \tan(18^\circ) xtan⁡(25∘)−xtan⁡(18∘)=70tan⁡(18∘)x \tan(25^\circ) - x \tan(18^\circ) = 70 \tan(18^\circ) x(tan⁡(25∘)−tan⁡(18∘))=70tan⁡(18∘)x (\tan(25^\circ) - \tan(18^\circ)) = 70 \tan(18^\circ) x=70tan⁡(18∘)tan⁡(25∘)−tan⁡(18∘)x = \frac{70 \tan(18^\circ)}{\tan(25^\circ) - \tan(18^\circ)}
  3. Calculate the numerical value of xx.

    Using a calculator:
    tan⁡(18∘)≈0.324919696\tan(18^\circ) \approx 0.324919696
    tan⁡(25∘)≈0.466307658\tan(25^\circ) \approx 0.466307658

    x=70×0.3249196960.466307658−0.324919696x = \frac{70 \times 0.324919696}{0.466307658 - 0.324919696} x=22.744378720.141387962x = \frac{22.74437872}{0.141387962} x≈160.86001 mx \approx 160.86001 \text{ m}
  4. Substitute the value of xx back into Equation 1 to find H.

    H=xtan⁡(25∘)H = x \tan(25^\circ) H=160.86001×0.466307658H = 160.86001 \times 0.466307658 H≈75.0071 mH \approx 75.0071 \text{ m}

    Step

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