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A. Without the use of valuation tables, calculate: the present value of N1=500,000 for 40 years @ 8% is 21.7743. b. Find i, given that (A-1)/i x N1,200,000.00 = N2,520,000.00 (5 marks)

Mathematics

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a) i)
To calculate the present value of the annuity, we use the formula for the present value of an ordinary annuity (PVA) when the Present Value Interest Factor of an Annuity (PVIFA) is given.

  1. Identify the given values.

    Annuity payment, A=N500,000A = N500,000
    Present Value Interest Factor of an Annuity (PVIFA) =21.7243= 21.7243

  2. Apply the formula for Present Value of an Annuity.

    PVA=A×PVIFAPVA = A \times PVIFA
  3. Substitute the values and calculate the Present Value.

    PVA=N500,000×21.7243PVA = N500,000 \times 21.7243 PVA=N10,862,150PVA = N10,862,150

    The present value is N10,862,150\boxed{\text{N10,862,150}}.

    a) ii)
    To find the interest rate 'i', we use the Future Value of an Annuity formula, as indicated by the expression (1+i)n−1i\frac{(1+i)^n - 1}{i}.

  4. Identify the given values and the formula.

    Future Value, FV=N2,520,000.00FV = N2,520,000.00
    Annuity Payment, A=N1,200,000.00A = N1,200,000.00
    Number of years, n=2n = 2
    The formula for Future Value of an Annuity is FV=A×(1+i)n−1iFV = A \times \frac{(1+i)^n - 1}{i}.

  5. Substitute the given values into the formula.

    N2,520,000.00=N1,200,000.00×(1+i)2−1iN2,520,000.00 = N1,200,000.00 \times \frac{(1+i)^2 - 1}{i}
  6. Isolate the Future Value Interest Factor of an Annuity (FVIFA) term.

    N2,520,000.00N1,200,000.00=(1+i)2−1i\frac{N2,520,000.00}{N1,200,000.00} = \frac{(1+i)^2 - 1}{i} 2.1=(1+i)2−1i2.1 = \frac{(1+i)^2 - 1}{i}
  7. Expand the numerator and simplify the equation.

    We know that (1+i)2−1=(1+2i+i2)−1=2i+i2(1+i)^2 - 1 = (1 + 2i + i^2) - 1 = 2i + i^2.
    So, the equation becomes:

    2.1=2i+i2i2.1 = \frac{2i + i^2}{i}

    Since ii cannot be zero for an interest rate, we can divide the numerator by ii:

    2.1=2+i2.1 = 2 + i
  8. Solve for ii.

    i=2.1−2i = 2.1 - 2 i=0.1i = 0.1
  9. Convert the decimal interest rate to a percentage.

    i=0.1×100%=10%i = 0.1 \times 100\% = 10\%

    The interest rate is 10%\boxed{\text{10\%}}.

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