Compound A contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Analysis of 0.44 g of A gave 0.88 g of carbon dioxide and 0.36 g of water on completion of combustion in oxygen. (i) Determine the empirical formula of A. (ii) Given that the Molar Mass of A is 44 g/mol, determine its molecular formula. (iii) How can the presence of carbon in compound A be identified?

3(a) Empirical formula of compound A Step 1: Assume 100~g of compound A. &Mass of C = 40.0~g, & moles C &= (40.0)/(12) = 3.33~mol\\ &Mass of H = 6.7~g, & moles H &= (6.7)/(1) = 6.7~mol\\ &Mass of O = 53.3~g, & moles O &= (53.3)/(16) = 3.33~mol Step 2: Divide moles by smallest value (3.33~mol). C: & (3.33)/(3.33) = 1\\ H: & (6.7)/(3.33) = 2.01 ≈ 2\\ O: & (3.33)/(3.33) = 1 Empirical formula = CH_2O CH2O 3(b) Molecular formula (molar mass = 60~g/mol) Step 1: Molar mass of CH2O = 12 + 2(1) + 16 = 30~g/mol. n = (60)/(30) = 2 Molecular formula = (CH2O)_2 = C_2H_4O_2 C2H4O2 3(c) Name of compound A CH3COOH,~acetic acid (ethanoic acid) CH3COOH 2. True or false: Carbon always shows 4 covalent bonds True (Carbon has 4 valence electrons and forms 4 covalent bonds to achieve octet stability.)