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Below is a picture of a liquid soap kitchen dispenser Mr Mothapo installed in his kitchen. Study the diagram and answer the questions that follow.

Mathematics

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Step-by-step solution

4 steps
  1. Determine the radius of the dispenser in centimeter (3.1.1).

    The diameter of the dispenser is given as 54 mm. The radius is half of the diameter.

    Radius=Diameter2=54 mm2=27 mm\text{Radius} = \frac{\text{Diameter}}{2} = \frac{54 \text{ mm}}{2} = 27 \text{ mm}

    To convert millimeters (mm) to centimeters (cm), we divide by 10.

    Radius in cm=27 mm10 mm/cm=2.7 cm\text{Radius in cm} = \frac{27 \text{ mm}}{10 \text{ mm/cm}} = 2.7 \text{ cm}

    The radius of the dispenser is 2.7 cm\boxed{\text{2.7 cm}}.

  2. Calculate the capacity of the dispenser to the nearest millilitres (3.1.2).

    The formula for the volume of a cylinder is V=πr2hV = \pi r^2 h.
    From the diagram, the height of the main dispenser body is 150 mm.
    From Step 1, the radius r=27 mmr = 27 \text{ mm}.
    We are given π=3.142\pi = 3.142.

    V=3.142×(27 mm)2×150 mmV = 3.142 \times (27 \text{ mm})^2 \times 150 \text{ mm} V=3.142×729 mm2×150 mmV = 3.142 \times 729 \text{ mm}^2 \times 150 \text{ mm} V=343606.5 mm3V = 343606.5 \text{ mm}^3

    To convert cubic millimeters (mm3\text{mm}^3) to millilitres (ml), we use the conversion 1 ml = 1000 mm3\text{mm}^3.

    Vml=343606.5 mm31000 mm3/ml=343.6065 mlV_{\text{ml}} = \frac{343606.5 \text{ mm}^3}{1000 \text{ mm}^3/\text{ml}} = 343.6065 \text{ ml}

    Rounding to the nearest millilitre:

    Vml≈344 mlV_{\text{ml}} \approx 344 \text{ ml}

    The capacity of the dispenser is 344 ml\boxed{\text{344 ml}}.

  3. Determine the number of dispensers that can be filled from a 20 litre liquid soap bottle (3.1.3).

    The capacity of one dispenser is 344 ml (from Step 2).
    The total volume of liquid soap is 20 litres. First, convert litres to millilitres (1 L = 1000 ml).

    Total volume=20 L×1000 ml/L=20000 ml\text{Total volume} = 20 \text{ L} \times 1000 \text{ ml/L} = 20000 \text{ ml}

    Now, divide the total volume by the capacity of one dispenser:

    Number of dispensers=20000 ml344 ml/dispenser≈58.1395\text{Number of dispensers} = \frac{20000 \text{ ml}}{344 \text{ ml/dispenser}} \approx 58.1395

    Since you can only fill whole dispensers, we round down to the nearest whole number.
    The number of dispensers that can be filled is 58\boxed{\text{58}}.

  4. Calculate the surface area in mm2\text{mm}^2 of the dispenser head (3.1.4).

    The problem states the dispenser head is open at the bottom and provides the formula for the surface area of a cylinder as πr2+2πrh\pi r^2 + 2 \pi r h. This formula includes one circular base (πr2\pi r^2) and the

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