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Use an inverse matrix approach to solve the system of linear equation: 3x + 4y = -2 and 5x + 3y = 4

Mathematics

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Step-by-step solution

11 steps

Question 1(a)

  1. Cross-multiply to eliminate fractions.

    4(x2−9)=3(x2−4)4(x^{2} - 9) = 3(x^{2} - 4)
  2. Expand both sides.

    4x2−36=3x2−124x^{2} - 36 = 3x^{2} - 12
  3. Subtract 3x23x^{2} from both sides and add 36 to both sides.

    4x2−3x2−36+36=−12+364x^{2} - 3x^{2} - 36 + 36 = -12 + 36 x2=24x^{2} = 24
  4. Take square root of both sides.

    x=±24x = \pm \sqrt{24} x=±4⋅6=±26x = \pm \sqrt{4 \cdot 6} = \pm 2\sqrt{6}
  5. Verify solutions satisfy x≠±2x \neq \pm 2.

    26≈4.90≠±22\sqrt{6} \approx 4.90 \neq \pm 2 and −26≈−4.90≠±2-2\sqrt{6} \approx -4.90 \neq \pm 2. Both valid.

    x = 2\sqrt{6},\ -2\sqrt{6}

    Question 1(b)

  6. Multiply both sides by 2x(x+3)2x(x + 3) to clear denominators (x≠0x \neq 0, x≠−3x \neq -3).

    2x(x+3)(2x−1x+3−32x)=2x(x+3)⋅122x(x + 3) \left( \frac{2x - 1}{x + 3} - \frac{3}{2x} \right) = 2x(x + 3) \cdot \frac{1}{2}
  7. Distribute on left side.

    First term: 2x(2x−1)2x(2x - 1)
    Second term: −3(x+3)-3(x + 3)
    Right side: x(x+3)x(x + 3)

    2x(2x−1)−3(x+3)=x(x+3)2x(2x - 1) - 3(x + 3) = x(x + 3)
  8. Expand all terms.

    Left: 4x2−2x−3x−9=4x2−5x−94x^{2} - 2x - 3x - 9 = 4x^{2} - 5x - 9
    Right: x2+3xx^{2} + 3x

    4x2−5x−9=x2+3x4x^{2} - 5x - 9 = x^{2} + 3x
  9. Bring all terms to left side.

    4x2−5x−9−x2−3x=04x^{2} - 5x - 9 - x^{2} - 3x = 0 3x2−8x−9=03x^{2} - 8x - 9 = 0
  10. Solve using quadratic formula x=−b±b2−4ac2ax = \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^{2} - 4ac}}{2a}, where a=3a=3, b=−8b=-8, c=−9c=-9.

    Discriminant: b2−4ac=64−4(3)(−9)=64+108=172b^{2} - 4ac = 64 - 4(3)(-9) = 64 + 108 = 172

    x=8±1726=8±2436=4±433x = \frac{8 \pm \sqrt{172}}{6} = \frac{8 \pm 2\sqrt{43}}{6} = \frac{4 \pm \sqrt{43}}{3}
  11. Verify solutions satisfy x≠0x \neq 0, x≠−3x \neq -3.

    43≈6.56\sqrt{43} \approx 6.56, so x≈4+6.563≈3.52≠0,−3x \approx \frac{4 + 6.56}{3} \approx 3.52 \neq 0, -3
    x≈4−6.563≈−0.85≠0,−3x \approx \frac{4 - 6.56}{3} \approx -0.85 \neq 0, -3. Both valid.

    x = \dfrac{4 + \sqrt{43}}{3},\ \dfrac{4 - \sqrt{43}}{3}

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