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Derivative of f(x) = 2x ln x and g(x) = (5 − 2 ln(x-1))/x

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Answer

f′(x)=2ln⁡x+2f'(x) = 2\ln x + 2

g′(x)=−7x+5+2(x−1)ln⁡(x−1)x2(x−1)g'(x) = \frac{-7x + 5 + 2(x-1)\ln(x-1)}{x^2(x-1)}

Step-by-step solution

10 steps

Here are the derivatives for the given functions:

1) For f(x)=2x⋅ln⁡xf(x) = 2x \cdot \ln x

  1. Identify the product rule.

    The product rule states that if f(x)=u(x)v(x)f(x) = u(x)v(x), then f′(x)=u′(x)v(x)+u(x)v′(x)f'(x) = u'(x)v(x) + u(x)v'(x).
    Let u(x)=2xu(x) = 2x and v(x)=ln⁡xv(x) = \ln x.

  2. Find the derivatives of u(x)u(x) and v(x)v(x).

    u′(x)=ddx(2x)=2u'(x) = \frac{d}{dx}(2x) = 2 v′(x)=ddx(ln⁡x)=1xv'(x) = \frac{d}{dx}(\ln x) = \frac{1}{x}
  3. Apply the product rule.

    f′(x)=(2)(ln⁡x)+(2x)(1x)f'(x) = (2)(\ln x) + (2x)\left(\frac{1}{x}\right)
  4. Simplify the expression.

    f′(x)=2ln⁡x+2f'(x) = 2\ln x + 2 f′(x)=2ln⁡x+2\boxed{f'(x) = 2\ln x + 2}

    2) For g(x)=5−2ln⁡(x−1)xg(x) = \frac{5 - 2 \ln(x-1)}{x}

  5. Identify the quotient rule.

    The quotient rule states that if g(x)=u(x)v(x)g(x) = \frac{u(x)}{v(x)}, then g′(x)=u′(x)v(x)−u(x)v′(x)[v(x)]2g'(x) = \frac{u'(x)v(x) - u(x)v'(x)}{[v(x)]^2}.
    Let u(x)=5−2ln⁡(x−1)u(x) = 5 - 2 \ln(x-1) and v(x)=xv(x) = x.

  6. Find the derivative of u(x)u(x).

    u′(x)=ddx(5−2ln⁡(x−1))u'(x) = \frac{d}{dx}(5 - 2 \ln(x-1))

    Using the chain rule for ln⁡(x−1)\ln(x-1), where the derivative of ln⁡(w)\ln(w) is 1w\frac{1}{w} and the derivative of x−1x-1 is 1:

    u′(x)=0−2⋅1x−1⋅1=−2x−1u'(x) = 0 - 2 \cdot \frac{1}{x-1} \cdot 1 = -\frac{2}{x-1}
  7. Find the derivative of v(x)v(x).

    v′(x)=ddx(x)=1v'(x) = \frac{d}{dx}(x) = 1
  8. Apply the quotient rule.

    g′(x)=(−2x−1)(x)−(5−2ln⁡(x−1))(1)x2g'(x) = \frac{\left(-\frac{2}{x-1}\right)(x) - (5 - 2 \ln(x-1))(1)}{x^2}
  9. Simplify the numerator.

    g′(x)=−2xx−1−5+2ln⁡(x−1)x2g'(x) = \frac{-\frac{2x}{x-1} - 5 + 2 \ln(x-1)}{x^2}
  10. Combine terms in the numerator by finding a common denominator.

    g′(x)=−2xx−1−5(x−1)x−1+2ln⁡(x−1)x2g'(x) = \frac{\frac{-2x}{x-1} - \frac{5(x-1)}{x-1} + 2 \ln(x-1)}{x^2} g′(x)=−2x−5x+5x−1+2ln⁡(x−1)x2g'(x) = \frac{\frac{-2x - 5x + 5}{x-1} + 2 \ln(x-1)}{x^2} g′(x)=−7x+5x−1+2ln⁡(x−1)x2g'(x) = \frac{\frac{-7x + 5}{x-1} + 2 \ln(x-1)}{x^2}

    To express the numerator as a single fraction:

    g′(x)=−7x+5+2(x−1)ln⁡(x−1)x−1x2g'(x) = \frac{\frac{-7x + 5 + 2(x-1)\ln(x-1)}{x-1}}{x^2} g′(x)=−7x+5+2(x−1)ln⁡(x−1)x2(x−1)g'(x) = \frac{-7x + 5 + 2(x-1)\ln(x-1)}{x^2(x-1)} g′(x)=−7x+5+2(x−1)ln⁡(x−1)x2(x−1)\boxed{g'(x) = \frac{-7x + 5 + 2(x-1)\ln(x-1)}{x^2(x-1)}}
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