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Find the derivative of the following functions using the chain rule and product rule: i) y = (2x3 − 3x + 5)4, ii) y = (3x3 + 7)3, iii) y = (x4 − 4)4.

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Answers

4 parts
i

12(2x2−1)(2x3−3x+5)3\mathbf{12(2x^2 - 1)(2x^3 - 3x + 5)^3}

ii

27x2(3x3+7)2\mathbf{27x^2(3x^3 + 7)^2}

iii

16x3(x4−4)3\mathbf{16x^3(x^4 - 4)^3}

iv

4(2x−1)(3x2+1)(9x2−3x+1)\mathbf{4(2x-1)(3x^2+1)(9x^2-3x+1)}

Step-by-step solution

16 steps

To find the derivative of the given functions, we will use the chain rule and the product rule.

  • Chain Rule: If y=[f(x)]ny = [f(x)]^n, then dydx=n[f(x)]n−1⋅f′(x)\frac{dy}{dx} = n[f(x)]^{n-1} \cdot f'(x).
  • Product Rule: If y=u(x)v(x)y = u(x)v(x), then dydx=u′(x)v(x)+u(x)v′(x)\frac{dy}{dx} = u'(x)v(x) + u(x)v'(x).

Part i· 3 steps

y=(2x3−3x+5)4y = (2x^3 - 3x + 5)^4

  1. Apply the chain rule.

    Let f(x)=2x3−3x+5f(x) = 2x^3 - 3x + 5 and n=4n=4.

    dydx=4(2x3−3x+5)4−1⋅ddx(2x3−3x+5)\frac{dy}{dx} = 4(2x^3 - 3x + 5)^{4-1} \cdot \frac{d}{dx}(2x^3 - 3x + 5)
  2. Differentiate the inner function.

    ddx(2x3−3x+5)=6x2−3\frac{d}{dx}(2x^3 - 3x + 5) = 6x^2 - 3
  3. Substitute the derivative of the inner function back into the chain rule formula.

    dydx=4(2x3−3x+5)3(6x2−3)\frac{dy}{dx} = 4(2x^3 - 3x + 5)^3 (6x^2 - 3) dydx=12(2x2−1)(2x3−3x+5)3\frac{dy}{dx} = 12(2x^2 - 1)(2x^3 - 3x + 5)^3

    The derivative is 12(2x2−1)(2x3−3x+5)3\boxed{\mathbf{12(2x^2 - 1)(2x^3 - 3x + 5)^3}}.

Part ii

27x2(3x3+7)2\mathbf{27x^2(3x^3 + 7)^2}

y=(3x3+7)3y = (3x^3 + 7)^3

  1. Apply the chain rule.

    Let f(x)=3x3+7f(x) = 3x^3 + 7 and n=3n=3.

    dydx=3(3x3+7)3−1⋅ddx(3x3+7)\frac{dy}{dx} = 3(3x^3 + 7)^{3-1} \cdot \frac{d}{dx}(3x^3 + 7)
  2. Differentiate the inner function.

    ddx(3x3+7)=9x2\frac{d}{dx}(3x^3 + 7) = 9x^2
  3. Substitute the derivative of the inner function back into the chain rule formula.

    dydx=3(3x3+7)2(9x2)\frac{dy}{dx} = 3(3x^3 + 7)^2 (9x^2) dydx=27x2(3x3+7)2\frac{dy}{dx} = 27x^2(3x^3 + 7)^2

    The derivative is 27x2(3x3+7)2\boxed{\mathbf{27x^2(3x^3 + 7)^2}}.

Part iii

16x3(x4−4)3\mathbf{16x^3(x^4 - 4)^3}

y=(x4−4)4y = (x^4 - 4)^4

  1. Apply the chain rule.

    Let f(x)=x4−4f(x) = x^4 - 4 and n=4n=4.

    dydx=4(x4−4)4−1⋅ddx(x4−4)\frac{dy}{dx} = 4(x^4 - 4)^{4-1} \cdot \frac{d}{dx}(x^4 - 4)
  2. Differentiate the inner function.

    ddx(x4−4)=4x3\frac{d}{dx}(x^4 - 4) = 4x^3
  3. Substitute the derivative of the inner function back into the chain rule formula.

    dydx=4(x4−4)3(4x3)\frac{dy}{dx} = 4(x^4 - 4)^3 (4x^3) dydx=16x3(x4−4)3\frac{dy}{dx} = 16x^3(x^4 - 4)^3

    The derivative is 16x3(x4−4)3\boxed{\mathbf{16x^3(x^4 - 4)^3}}.

Part iv

4(2x−1)(3x2+1)(9x2−3x+1)\mathbf{4(2x-1)(3x^2+1)(9x^2-3x+1)}

y=(2x−1)2(3x2+1)2y = (2x-1)^2 (3x^2+1)^2

  1. Apply the product rule.

    Let u=(2x−1)2u = (2x-1)^2 and v=(3x2+1)2v = (3x^2+1)^2.

    dydx=u′v+uv′\frac{dy}{dx} = u'v + uv'
  2. Find u′u' using the chain rule.

    u′=ddx(2x−1)2=2(2x−1)2−1⋅ddx(2x−1)=2(2x−1)(2)=4(2x−1)u' = \frac{d}{dx}(2x-1)^2 = 2(2x-1)^{2-1} \cdot \frac{d}{dx}(2x-1) = 2(2x-1)(2) = 4(2x-1)
  3. Find v′v' using the chain rule.

    v′=ddx(3x2+1)2=2(3x2+1)2−1⋅ddx(3x2+1)=2(3x2+1)(6x)=12x(3x2+1)v' = \frac{d}{dx}(3x^2+1)^2 = 2(3x^2+1)^{2-1} \cdot \frac{d}{dx}(3x^2+1) = 2(3x^2+1)(6x) = 12x(3x^2+1)
  4. Substitute $u, v, u', v'$ into the product rule formula.

    dydx=[4(2x−1)](3x2+1)2+(2x−1)2[12x(3x2+1)]\frac{dy}{dx} = [4(2x-1)](3x^2+1)^2 + (2x-1)^2[12x(3x^2+1)]
  5. Factor out common terms, which are 4(2x−1)(3x2+1)4(2x-1)(3x^2+1).

    dydx=4(2x−1)(3x2+1)[(3x2+1)+3x(2x−1)]\frac{dy}{dx} = 4(2x-1)(3x^2+1) [(3x^2+1) + 3x(2x-1)]
  6. Simplify the expression inside the brackets.

    (3x2+1)+3x(2x−1)=3x2+1+6x2−3x=9x2−3x+1(3x^2+1) + 3x(2x-1) = 3x^2+1 + 6x^2-3x = 9x^2-3x+1
  7. Write the final simplified derivative.

    dydx=4(2x−1)(3x2+1)(9x2−3x+1)\frac{dy}{dx} = 4(2x-1)(3x^2+1)(9x^2-3x+1)

    The derivative is 4(2x−1)(3x2+1)(9x2−3x+1)\boxed{\mathbf{4(2x-1)(3x^2+1)(9x^2-3x+1)}}.

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